tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5621037496850570462024-02-20T18:09:05.148-08:00Writing a college research paperGood Topics For 10 Page Research Paperlisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-67562948817467274772020-09-02T14:55:00.001-07:002020-09-02T14:55:05.304-07:00Plaster of Paris Exothermic Reaction Can Cause Serious BurnsMortar of Paris Exothermic Reaction Can Cause Serious Burns You may have perused some time back about how a school in Lincolnshire (UK) was fined à £20,000 for neglecting to report a terrible mishap in which a young lady basically lost her hands subsequent to drenching them in mortar of Paris to make a shape for a craftsmanship venture. Mortar of Paris is utilized in a ton of workmanship and science ventures, frequently calmly, however it is a possibly unsafe concoction. Most importantly, mortar of Paris, which is calcium sulfate hemihydrate, may contain silica and asbestos as polluting influences. Both of these materials are equipped for causing lasting lung harm and different sicknesses whenever breathed in. Second, and all the more altogether, mortar of Paris blends in with water in an exothermic response. In the Lincolnshire mishap, the 16-year-old young lady was genuinely singed when she submerged her hands in a can of mortar of Paris blend. She couldn't expel her hands from the setting mortar, which may have arrived at 60à °C. Presently, Im not saying you shouldnt play with mortar of Paris. Its extraordinary for making geodes and molds and for some different undertakings. Its safe for children to utilize, yet just in the event that they know about and can follow the correct wellbeing safety measures for working with that concoction: Wear a cover when working with dry mortar to forestall inward breath of the calcium sulfate or contaminations which might be available in the powder.Wear gloves when working with mortar of Paris and keep away from circumstances where your skin may be in contact with the plaster.Avoid washing mortar of Paris down the channel, since the mortar can set up in the pipes. At the point when its utilized appropriately, mortar of Paris is a helpful substance to have around. Simply be cautious. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-40982000187227085152020-08-22T16:04:00.001-07:002020-08-22T16:04:30.979-07:00Interview of Music Teacher on the Importance of Music ProgramsI had the particular benefit and delight of meeting Ms. ABC, Elementary School Music Teacher at ABC School. This meeting is a genuine demonstration of the difficulties educatorââ¬â¢s face in todayââ¬â¢s music study halls. Music educators are confronted with various study halls loaded up with kids who have distinctive learning styles and changing capacity levels; thusly, certain issues will emerge comparative with the assorted variety. I am incredibly appreciative to Ms. Liza Smith for supporting me with this interview.Why is music significant? At the point when instructive cuts are made, music and craftsmanship are among the primary subjects to go. Lamentably, it implies that guardians, teachers and even board individuals are ignoring each subject's significance. Music instruction is something beyond acquainting understudies with beats, notes and tunes. Rather, it totally changes a youngster's psyche and opens up unlimited prospects to their learning potential. For what reason is music instruction significant? Music is a mystical blessing we should sustain and develop in our youngsters, particularly now as logical proof demonstrates that a training in expressions of the human experience improves math and science understudies, upgrades spatial insight in infants, and how about we not overlook that expressions of the human experience are a convincing answer for high schooler brutality, surely not the reason for it! â⬠Is music learning underestimated? Music is something with influences the psyche, body and soul, yet its significance is regularly underestimated, particularly with regards to the instructive advantages of which there are many.With the capacity to impact conduct, social aptitudes, affectability and general accomplishment, music can effectsly affect numerous parts of life. In kids, music instruction is significant as it elevates a longing to endure and succeed, just as having an entire scope of different advantages. There is some proof to p ropose that through association with music, kids have the chance to calibrate their listening aptitudes and therefore their appreciation. The two abilities can be applied to other scholarly subjects and can assist understudies with critical thinking and concentration.Music utilizes the two sides of the cerebrum, so any support will improve learning and challenge the brain. Should Music and the Arts be utilized to show other scholarly subjects? While examines show positive impacts in other scholarly regions, music and the Fine Arts are a scholastic order that are, as different scholastics, a free method of learning and knowing. Perusing, composing, and science are significant and all understudies ought to be effective in those territories, anyway none of those scholarly zones legitimize their reality based on what is cultivated for another region. Every scholastic order is significant for a balanced curriculum.Music and Fine Arts are a scholarly region of study equivalent to perusing , composing, arithmetic and science. Should the investigation of Music and the Fine Arts be accessible to all understudies? Where music and Fine Arts programs have been dispensed with as a result of subsidizing troubles, understudies have been denied of a critical chance of learning and thinking about their general surroundings. All understudies ought to have the option to ââ¬Å"electâ⬠to examine music and the Fine Arts inside and out at the auxiliary level. All understudies ought to have the chance to consider music at the rudimentary level in a deliberate, important way.If music and the Fine Arts are saved for just rich schools or networks, a social ââ¬Å"eliteâ⬠will be made, which additionally makes a noteworthy differentiation of social class. Music and the Fine Arts ought not exclusively be accessible to those offspring of well off guardians who can buy private mentors or sponsor state funded schools with gifts to continue government funded school programs, yet in addition to understudies of normal or low financial regions. In what manner should Music and the Fine Arts fit into the instructive educational plan? The school educational plan ought to be intended to convey in excess of insignificant instruction to students.Music and Art ought to be instructed at each grade school in a standard and efficient manner. Music and every Fine Art ought to be considered ââ¬Å"academic electivesâ⬠in optional schools and accessible to all understudies on a multi-year premise to permit satisfactory time for abilities to grow adequately for educated choices about school projects and vocation decisions. Every scholarly elective, including Music and Fine Arts, should include towards entrance prerequisites in schools and colleges. All understudies moving on from government funded schools ought to have gotten in any event one credit in Fine Arts.All universities and colleges ought to require one Fine Arts credit for affirmation. In shutting it is my conv iction that we as music instructors, must start to lead the pack in imparting this data to the individuals that can have the effect later on; educational committees, overseers, guardians, and administrative agents. We should advocate for human expressions. It is imperative that we become proactive in our help of expressions of the human experience. By looking into the examinations including music we have discovered that support in school music positively affects zones considered outside the domain of music.As more individuals become mindful of the exploration around there, we should see expanded enlistments in expressions classes. The utilization if expressions of the human experience all through the educational plan, as an apparatus for better learning is a territory that will extend. With dropout rates being so high, instructors need to consolidate assets and to utilize the apparatuses accessible for an increasingly powerful technique for training. I feel that expressions of the h uman experience will play a significant move later on accomplishment of the training framework. Try not to remain uninvolved and watch the calling decrease away. Get included and help it develop. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-26198464931936291552020-08-21T13:46:00.001-07:002020-08-21T13:46:14.117-07:00Hr Restructuring Trends free essay sampleVarious firms are changing the manner in which the capacities are performed. For instance, a few organizations are rebuilding HR for reasons, for example, time pressures, money related contemplations, and market pressures. This rebuilding frequently brings about a move as far as who plays out each capacity. Associations despite everything play out most of a firmââ¬â¢s HR works inside the firm. Changing in accordance with HR rebuilding trendsââ¬who plays out the human asset the board errands? 2. The customary human asset administrator keeps on being set up in many associations, yet a few associations are likewise utilizing mutual help communities, redistributing, and line chiefs to aid the conveyance of HR to all the more likely achieve authoritative goals. Also, the size of some HR divisions is getting littler in light of the fact that specific capacities are currently being cultivated by others. This move allows the HR directors to concentrate on increasingly vital and crucial exercises. a. The Human Resource Manager. A person who typically acts in a warning or staff limit, working with different chiefs to assist them with managing human asset matters. We will compose a custom exposition test on Hr Restructuring Trends or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page One general pattern is that HR work force are overhauling an expanding number of representatives. The human asset administrator is essentially liable for planning the administration of HR to enable the association to accomplish its objectives. There is a mutual obligation between line chiefs and human asset experts. b. Common Service Centers. Take schedule, exchange based exercises that are scattered all through the association and combine them in one spot. . Re-appropriating Firms. The way toward moving duty regarding a zone of administration and its goals to an outer supplier. The principle purpose behind this development was to decrease exchange time, yet different advantages incorporate cost decreases and quality upgrades. Organizations found that authoritative, redundant undertakings are frequently acted in a more financially savvy way by outside sources. d. Line Managers. Line chiefs, by the idea of their employments, are associated with HR. Line directors in specific firms are being utilized more to convey HR administrations. At the point when executed, this change decreases the size of the HR office. e. Decentralization. In the conventional hierarchical structure, most significant choices are made at the top and actualized at lower levels. It isn't unprecedented for these associations to incorporate significant capacities, for example, HR, promoting, and creation, in a solitary area (normally corporate base camp) that fills in as the organizations war room. Various layers of the executives are commonly used to execute orders gave at the top and to control the lower positions from above I. e. in hierarchal request. Since the late 1980s, numerous organizations have established huge cutbacks of center supervisors, whose conventional job of arranging, sorting out, executing, and controlling has come to be likened with the sort of bulky administration that keeps organizations from reacting to advertise powers. It is assessed that 66% of the employments killed during the 1990s were administrative/center administration occupations. New connections among firms are likewise encouraging mixture authoritative structures and the mixing of firms with assorted chronicles and work powers. Mergers and acquisitions, in hich earlier autonomous associations meet up as a solitary element, speak to two significant wellsprings of rebuilding. A more up to date and quickly developing type of bury authoritative holding comes as joint endeavors, coalitions, and coordinated efforts among firms that stay free, yet cooperate on explicit items to spread expenses and dangers. To be fruitful, authoritative rebuilding require s successful administration of HR. For example, leveling the association requires cautious assessment of staffing requests, work processes, correspondence channels, preparing needs, etc. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-4232153859327454782020-05-30T02:14:00.001-07:002020-05-30T02:14:02.387-07:00The Mindless Submissive Animals in Animal Farm - Free Essay Example On the throne of the world, any delusion can become fact. Gore Vidal, Julian, this summarizes the main idea George Orwell was attempting to convey to his readers throughout the novel Animal Farm. Orwell recognizes how people in power, especially in law enforcement can easily use their power to their advantage. As presented on manor farm; the pigs obtain a glimpse of power and benefit this as leverage against the entire farm, using violence and intimidation to keep their place. The animals of manor farm are easily manipulated and deceived by the pigs; especially after many years of mr.jones, the owner of manor farm, leaving them unfed and abused, the pigs taking over was nothing but an arising to the animals. because the animals were mistreated and put into an unethical environment to begin with, they were preemptively set-up to be manipulated by their soon to be leaders, the pigs. It is evident that the animals of manor farm want nothing to do with jones, but do nothing to stop him. This was the case because the majority of their lives they have been abused and mistreated by mr.jones becoming the norm for them. The pigs began to overpower the animals within the first couple months of taking over manor farm. Realising what they were capable of; they began to take advantage, especially because the jive animals are unaware of their position in that society. They used poems, songs, and the seven commandments to overwhelm the animals into obeying by their laws and if none of these tactics work; they use intimidation of violence to scare them into submission. The pigs undergo a significant amount of change throughout the story; from drinking alcohol, walking on two legs, and even engaging in trade with the humans. This goes to show what power can really do to people and how with power comes great responsibility. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-9152607826393584152020-05-16T14:37:00.001-07:002020-05-16T14:37:12.248-07:00The Need for Emotional and Social Support from Geriatric... Aging of U.S. Population and their growing medical needs is one of the greatest challenges because of health care reforms. By 2030, geriatric population of US of age 65 and up will be more than 72 million which will be an estimated 20% of the overall population (He, 2005). I am currently being trained at a prestigious family medicine residency program in Montgomery Alabama, which gives me an opportunity to see vast majority of patient population which includes pediatric, adult and geriatric. We are also trained at Nursing home as a part of our curriculum and we rotate once a month. Through my residency training I have realized that the elderly population always need a humane touch to their treatment. It means emotional and socialâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I always like teamwork as gained during my family medicine residency which means coordinated care by physicians with the help of nurses, social workers, family members and this will help me a lot when taking care of old and debilitated patients. I am self motivated, determined, hard working with an ability to succeed. Coupled with enthusiasm and positive attitude, I want to prepare myself for social and academic challenges of medicine. I have realized that kindness and compassion are cornerstones of good medical care. I believe that well rounded person like me has capability to acquire different skills through different activities. I am caring, patient, like communicating with people and making new friends. I believe these are my strengths that will help me to become a good physician. My goal is to get advanced geriatric training and intensive clinical experience through fellowship program and advance towards my mission of improving the quality of elderly care. I am confident that with generous support, excellent academic and clinical exposure will help me become one of the finest physicians for my patients. I always strive for gaining new knowledge and experience through lectures, seminars, conferences and events like SCEGM resident award meets which will not only allow me to become a superior physician but will also improve my clinical skills and help me understand critical points in elderShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Health Care Jobs1609 Words à |à 7 PagesWorking Hand in Hand In the medical field, there are different health careers to choose from. My topic is about two health care jobs, which anywhere in the world have a high demand. How they are similar to each other. How they differ, and why these both are significant jobs that will never be phased out. One of the health care careers that I would consider popular today is the Nursing Assistant. It offers a vast array of benefits. 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This is important because if someone is afraid of falling, there may possibly be an underlying problem that would need to be identified and treated accordingly. Fear can lead to reduced mobility, and physical activity, which can further lead to reduced self-esteem and social status. There were only a two areas that Pat felt he was somewhat concerned about falling; when walking on a slippery or uneven surface, in which cases, he is extra cautious lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-40428240109824262472020-05-06T18:01:00.001-07:002020-05-06T18:01:25.082-07:00Cache Level 3 Childcare- Unit 2 Assignment - 4391 Words Unit 2 Assignment A child develops through its whole life. They can develop; physically, linguistically, intellectually, socially and behaviourally. ââ¬Å"Physical development is the way in which the body increases in skill and becomes more complex in its performanceâ⬠[Meggitt, 2000, Page 2]. Twenty five days after conception; the body of the chid has developed immensely from the small fertilised egg. Up to birth the foetus mainly develops physically however once the child is born the child then begins the long process of development. Not only do the gross motor skills and the fine motor skills develop on the baby, but the sensory development also widens on the child. Birth to 12 months Motor control develops from the head, moves down throughâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Their speech extends to the holophrastic stage and often this is supported by gestures. They will also be able to recognise their own name and will be most likely be able to pronounce it. 24 months-35 months Between the ages of 2 and 3, balance improves and the toddler walks with a smoother gait. During this period she learns to stand briefly on one foot, walk backwards, and walk on tiptoes. A child jumps in place around 24 months and progresses to jumping over a small obstacle by 36 months. At 24 months she climbs a small ladder and goes down a small slide, then manoeuvres on a variety of playground equipment around 35 months. Between 30 and 34 months, toddlers begin to walk up stairs alternating feet without a hand held or use of a railing. Other play skills expected within a few months of the third birthday are catching a playground ball that has been tossed to the child and pedalling a tricycle. 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A) It lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-9445970069362702032020-05-05T22:25:00.001-07:002020-05-05T22:25:07.292-07:00Repeated Distribution Method Is A Method Which Deals With Reciprocal Services Accounting Essay Example For Students Repeated Distribution Method Is A Method Which Deals With Reciprocal Services Accounting Essay Outline1 1.0 Introduction2 2.0 HELP University College ( HUC ) Background3 3.0 Financial Model Cost Assignment:4 3.1 Primary Distribution5 3.2 Secondary Distribution:6 3.2.1 Ignore Inter-service Method7 3.2.2 Repeated Distribution Method8 3.3 Final Distribution9 4.0 Recommendation and analysis on cost assignment ( fiscal theoretical account )10 5.0 Decisions11 ( 2237 words ) 1.0 Introduction In this study, my subject for instance survey is HELP University College and cost assignment ( Financial Model ) will be applied. The cost assignment ( Financial Model ) which in order to bear down operating expenses to be unit, a series of distributions will be used. There are includes primary distribution, secondary distribution and concluding distribution. Primary distribution is allotment and or allotment of operating expenses to be Centre. Secondary distribution is reallotment of operating expenses from service cost Centre to production cost Centre. Additionally, the concluding distribution besides applied in this study for soaking up of operating expenses from production cost Centre into cost unit. The recommendation on this cost assignment is given in this study to analysis the cost assignment and so, to reason the whole study at the terminal. 2.0 HELP University College ( HUC ) Background HELP University College was formed in twelvemonth 1986 and has developed into the taking establishment of higher acquisition in Malaysia and to supply low-cost quality educational chances for Malaysians with a steadfastly established international repute among universities, bookmans, corporate leaders and concern in Asia Pacific, North America and Europe ( Then 2010 ) . HELP University College is the flagship subordinate of HELP International Corporation which was incorporated in twelvemonth 2005 and go the investing keeping company for the HELP Group ( About HELP International Corporation: History 2010 ) . HELP offering plans which includes jurisprudence, economic sciences, concern, direction, societal scientific disciplines, the humanistic disciplines and IT at undergraduate and alumnus degrees ( Private Colleges and University CollegesA in Malaysia 2010 ) . HELP leave the quality of instruction based on responsible leading functions and besides the alumnuss preferred employment by transnational companies. In twelvemonth 2004, the Government position out the bestowal of University College as a silent acknowledgment of HELP s distinguished accomplishments, so they play their function as a third instruction in the hereafter ( About Aid: Overview of HELP 2008 ) . HELP s vision is to assist everyone win in life and populate a life of significance through instruction ( HELP International Corporate 2009 ) . One of HELP s missions is to be a university college focuses on sound academic criterions through with a strong civilization of leading and quality, so, uninterrupted to better, and endowment development of staff and pupils. It will besides supply larning experiences that improve life-time values, calling development and personal fulfillment. Its following missions are to portion its success with the community and stakeholders it serves ( Institution Profile 2010 ) . Academic strengths of HELP University College is reputed to hold an outstanding instruction module by it all learning staff possesses Master s grades with many keeping PhDs. Many international faculty members and bookmans from top universities like Cambridge, University of Texas Austin, and Harvard who serve as visiting professors, testers and lectors was been complemented in local module ( University Colleges Private 2010 ) . Besides that, a batch of HELP s success situated its alone educational teaching method and doctrine. Its educational doctrine is holistic ( Institution Profile 2010 ) . 3.0 Financial Model Cost Assignment: 3.1 Primary Distribution Overhead analysis sheet which is shown in Appendix 1.1 are utilizing the information given in Appendix 1.0 for the initial aim is to delegate all fabricating operating expenses to be Centres. Cost Centre means that some object, activity, or country for which costs are individually collected ( Black 2008 ) . At Appendix 1.0, that the direct pay related costs and supervisory wages have been straight traced to be Centres. They are direct costs when cost Centres are the cost object and indirect costs when merchandises are the cost objects. Therefore, they are traced straight to the cost Centres shown in the overhead analysis sheet in Appendix 1.1. The staying costs shown in Appendix 1.0 must be allocated to the cost Centre utilizing appropriate allotment bases and can non be traced straight to the cost Centres. Using the allotment bases to the informations given in regard of the HELP University College in Appendix 1.0 it is assumed that illuming and warming, edifice insurance and depreciation of edifice are related to the entire floor country of the edifice, and the benefit received by each cost Centre can hence be determined based on the proportion of floor country which it occupies. The entire floor country of the edifice shown in Appendix 1.0 is 17 000 square meters ; module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia occupies 29 % of this and module of jurisprudence and authorities a farther 59 % . Therefore, refer to the overhead analysis sheet in Appendix 1.1, which 29 % lighting and warming, edifice insurance and depreciation of edifice are allocated to module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia, and 59 % are allocated to module of jurisprudence and authorities. Salve Regina College EssayHowever, it is recommended that budgeted overhead rates should be used than existent overhead rates in HELP. It is because the existent operating expense rates will do a hold in service or merchandise costs. And besides the monthly rates used causes fluctuations in the operating expense rates throughout the twelvemonth. To gauge the budgeted operating expense rates, an under- or over- recovery of operating expenses is given whenever existent overhead outgo or activity is different from budget ( Drury 2005 ) . Any under- or over- recovery is treated as a period cost accommodation and written off to loss and net income statement, and hence non allocated to merchandises. 4.0 Recommendation and analysis on cost assignment ( fiscal theoretical account ) In secondary distribution, the simple manner of ignore inter-service method is the lone justification for utilizing this method comparison to the repeated distribution method ( Drury 2004 ) . This method is recommended when inter-service reallocations are undistinguished. Mention to the Appendix 2.1, the entire operating expense after allocated and apportioned for module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section is $ 458,160 and module of jurisprudence and authorities section is $ 413,841. As a consequence, the entire operating expense after allocated and apportioned for module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section is evidently higher than the module of jurisprudence and authorities section. It is assumed that the ground for this state of affairs is the entire sum of direct rewards related cost in module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section, $ 213, 333 which is demoing in primary distribution ( Appendix 1.1 ) is higher than module of jurisprudence and authorities section, $ 120, 000. However, the entire sum of other points of outgo for module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section is lower than module of jurisprudence and authorities. Means that, the high entire sum of direct pay related costs for module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section have to been cut down or amend. Recommend here for amend the direct pay related costs is altering the manner of salary been given. HELP University College can cut down the direct pay related costs by pay the lectors on the footing of a salary, and so give committee and fillip to the excellence lectors. HELP besides can engage portion clip lector and pay them wages on the figure of class they learning. This non merely can cut down the costs of direct pay, but besides would non impact the lector s motive and still can keep the public presentation of university. Besides that, the lighting and warming disbursals of the module of applied scientific disciplines and multimedia section, $ 21,765 which demoing in Appendix 1.1 besides can be amend to cut down the entire operating expense after allocated and apportioned in this Centre. HELP University College can organize a run to review the lectors and pupils mind on salvaging the energy of electronic and this manner indirectly besides will salvage the green environment. Therefore, the cost of illuming and warming will be utilizing by the lectors and pupils in more moderation. Apart from that, in concluding distribution, the cost of operating expense in repeated distribution method is the most accurate, so which is adopted on budgeted operating expense. When the service section are continually allocated in the prescribed per centums until the costs become smaller to be important, so the cost of operating expense in the perennial distribution method will go more accurate. However, the service section costs are reallocated merely to production sections in ignore inter-service method, and so the cost of operating expense is inaccurate. 5.0 Decisions It is of import to understand how cost systems assign costs to be objects because it will stand for the cost of merchandises to be generated for net income measuring intent in HELP. Additionally, it is necessary to guarantee that the cost is incorporated in the overhead analysis are appropriately coded so that different overhead rates can be extracted for different combinations of costs. As a consequence, there will be enable relevant cost information to be extracted from the database for run intoing different intent in HELP. ( 2237 words ) lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-69555818682003999852020-04-17T13:33:00.001-07:002020-04-17T13:33:02.491-07:00Non-Verbal Communication in Counselling free essay sample Nonverbal communication is body language and plays a major role in relationship development because it is also the main channel we use to communicate our feelings and attitudes towards others. But because much of our nonverbal communication behavior is unconscious, most of us have limited awareness or understanding of it. The importance of nonverbals in communication cannot be overemphasized; they are crucial to getting the full message. Some writers have suggested that as much as 80% of communication takes place on the nonverbal level. top General Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication: 1. Nonverbal Communication Uses Many Channels for Sending and Receiving ââ¬â Messages may be sent in many ways, as the list below shows. This list is to help you become more aware of the variety of and complexity of nonverbal communication. With greater awareness you will develop greater understanding of the ways in which others interpret the nonverbal signals you send. Also, by improving your skills in reading the nonverbal responses other persons make to your communication, you will learn how you yourself are perceived. We will write a custom essay sample on Non-Verbal Communication in Counselling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I. Nonverbal communication behaviours using TIME: à · Recognition à · Priorities II. Nonverbal communication behaviours using the BODY: à · Eye Contact ââ¬â There seems to be more eye contact in interpersonal interactions between Arabs, South Americans, and Greeks than between people from other cultures. There is evidence that some African Americans looks at others less than whites do when sending and receiving messages. à · Eyes à · Skin à · Posture à · Facial expression ââ¬â the face is the exhibit gallery of our emotional displays. And although we often try to manipulate our facial cues to project a premeditated feeling, our faces may still betray our true emotions to others. Your face is versatile. According to one research team, it is capable o f producing over 250,000 different expressions. Research has found that facial expressions conveying happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, and sadness were the same in 68 to 92 percent of the cultures examines. 1. Surprise: Wide-open eyes, raised and wrinkled brow, open mouth. 2. Fear: Open mouth, tense skin under the eyes, wrinkles in the centre of the forehead. 3. Disgust: Raised or curled upper lip, wrinkled nose, raised cheeks, lowered brow, lowered upper eyelid. 4. Anger: tensed lower eyelid; either pursed lips or open mouth; lowered and wrinkled brow; staring eyes. 5. Happiness: Smiling; mouth may be open or closed; raised cheeks; wrinkles around lower eyelids. 6. Sadness: Lip may tremble; corners of the lips turn downward; corners of the upper eyelid may be raised. All humans probably share the same neurophysiological basis for expressing emotions, but we learn different rules for sending and interpreting the expression. For example, the Japanese culture does not reinforce the show of negative emotions; it is important for Japanese to ââ¬Å"save faceâ⬠and to help others save face as well. Hand and arm gestures: Hand and body gestures with the most shared meaning among Africans, North Americans, and South Americans include pointing, shrugging, head nodding, clapping, thumbs down, waving hello, and beckoning. There are, however, regional variations within cultures; it is not wise to assume that all people in a given culture share the sam e meaning for certain gestures. The OK gesture has sexual connotations for some South American and Caribbean countries. In France the OK sign means worthless. à · Self-inflicted behaviours à · Repetitive behaviours à · Signals or commands à · Touching à · Sexual lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-61615466793175829882020-03-13T21:40:00.001-07:002020-03-13T21:40:04.205-07:00How To Start A Podcast (Authentic Advice From Someone Whos Done It)How To Start A Podcast (Authentic Advice From Someone Whos Done It) So you want to start a podcast to apply educational content marketing theory to audio. That makes sense. Some 57 million Americans alone listen to podcasts, a 23% increase from 2015 to 2016. Thats oneà in fourà Americans who listen to at least one podcast per month,à while an average podcast listener hearsà five podcasts a week. There is a ton of opportunity for you to connect with a growing and active audience through podcasts. But youre not here to see the stats. You already know the opportunity. So the real questions are how to start a podcast that will: Launch successfully (and continue to be successful)? Help you maximize the time you invest into producing each episode by sharing it on many channels to reach an even larger audience? Be manageable as a long-term investment while you complete tons of other work like usual? At least, those were some of my questions when I started researching how to start a podcast. And Ive figured out a lot of the answers on my journey to launching s brand new podcast, The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast. When you read this blog post, youll find the best advice that worked for à to launch a podcast, including: How to select a topic that will attract your audience How to structure your podcast How to find the right guests who your audience will love How to approach recording and producing your episodes How to publish and promote your podcast to reach your audience Lets get to it. How To Start A #Podcast (Authentic Advice From Someone Whos Done It) How To Choose Your Topic And Name Your Podcast There's a time-tested method that will help you find the perfect balance between what you want to say and what your audience wants to know. It's called the content core. You can find the perfect topic for your podcast by following this framework. Ask yourself: What is my business really good at? What does my audience really care about? The content core is the point at which your strengths intersect with your audience's interests. That's the best opportunity for you to choose an overarching topic for the entire podcast series, while also giving you a framework for choosing subtopics for individual episodes you'll record later. Action Items: You can begin this exercise by brainstormingà two lists: One list to answer, "What is my business really good at?" Another list to answer, "What does my audience really care about?" Find the ideas that are on both lists and create a final third list. This list is the gold; the nuggets that will propel your podcast into thought leadership your audience will love. In other words, this list is the overarching topic of your podcast as a whole. Now that you have a topic with clear direction knowing you'll publish successful episodes, it's time to determine a name for the podcast. There are a handful of ways to do this: Name ità something clever related to the topic (Example: The Call To Action Podcast) Name it the topic to give the perspective that it is the go-to podcast to listen to on that topicà (Example: The Startup Chat) Name it after a keywordà (Example: The Tim Ferriss Show) Name it some combination of all of these thingsà (Example: Actionable Content Marketing) If you've already checked out The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, you'll note that we targeted a keyword (content marketing) combined with a standard of performance we demand in all content (actionable). You could try that approach, too, brainstorming lots of different ideas until you find the one that works best for your business. Action Items: Brainstorm common keywords, words, and phrases your audience uses when describing your topic.à You can use your customer survey data to understand common words and phrases they use. Translate the results from your brainstorm into potential names of your podcast. Simply create a list to get started, holding nothing back- rapid fire brainstorming can help you get tons of ideas out quickly. Narrow the list to five of your top picks, then ask your team for their advice. Select one name, preferably shorter and easy to remember. How To Structure Your Podcast For Ultimate Impact By structure, I mean asking yourself: Will the podcast feature only me talking? (Example: Grammar Girl) Could it haveà another team member and me? (Example: This Is Your Life) Will we feature different guests as talent on each episode? (Example: Entrepreneur On Fire) There are success stories from all three types of podcast structures. However, in the world of business, I'm biased toward featuring guests. And in the rest of this blog post, you're going to learn how to start a podcast that features new guest talent on each episode. Action Items: Brainstorm the talent you will use to cover your topic on theà podcast. Here are a few questions to consider: Do you knowà all of the wealth of information on your topic so much that you don't need anyone else's advice? If so, you could probably go solo. Could you and a teammate choose a subtopic within your content core and banter in an entertaining or educational way? If so, maybe having two people on the show is right for you. Three people can work well for discussion. Four or more people on an episodeà often becomes too messy, judging fromà convos I've had with Craig Hewitt from Podcast Motor. Could your friends or people you know in the industry- or influencers- help you share more robust stories and reach a larger audience? If so, you'll want to consider inviting guests for different episodes. The other element of podcast structure ties in to how youà plan conversations interesting enough that your audience will love to listen in. There are a few methods for you to consider: Banter: You have a subtopic within your content core, but that's about it. This structure is very loose and requires you to know a lot about the subtopic in advance to be able to direct the conversation to cover the most important parts of the subtopic. (Example: Stuff You Should Know) Segments: You have certain things you talk about in each episode, regardless of the subtopic. It's kind of like traditional news with local news, local weather, national news, national sports, etc. The information itself changes, but the segments of the newscast remain the same. (Example: This Old Marketing) Interview: You ask questions around a specific subtopic. For some guest-driven podcasts like Entrepreneur On Fire, the questions remain the same, only the guests share different expertise and hence different advice. For others like The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, this means knowing the talent's expertise on a specific subtopic and tailoring questions specifically for each guest. (Example: Smart Passive Income) As you can guess, the talent you have on the show should influence theà structure behind the conversation. Internal talent may be more apt for banter and segments whereasà segments and interviews may work better for guests. For the Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, we opted forà featuring guests in an interview style. This gives us a huge opportunity to connect with amazing marketers withà diverse backgrounds who can share tons of different ways to solve big marketing challenges with our audience. This way, we know The Actionable Content Marketing Podcastà won't grow stale because every episode features unique opinions and advice. Plus, we get the added bonus that our talent will help us share the podcast with their own audiences, which furthers the reach of every episode we ship. Action Items: Ask your team for a shortlist of the podcasts they love to listen to. What kind of structure seems to attract and retain their attention? Based on the talent you'd like on your podcast, brainstorm the best way toà have a conversation interesting enough to share with your audience. Will banter, segments, or interviews work best for your podcast? Share your conclusion with your team and ask your team for their advice. You're not in this alone. How To Find Amazing Guests For Your Podcast (And Make Their Experience Awesome, Too) At this point, you haven't shipped anything, so you might feel like it'd be hard to get guests for your podcast. In my experience, that's not true. You just need to look for the folks who already know, like, and trust you. At your disposal, you have: Existing customers who have solved big challenges others like them would love to learn from. Email subscribers who- like existing customers- have solved problems and could share how they did it. Industry friends from similar companies to yours who also have interesting stories to share. Companies you love or buy stuff from- do they have stories your audience would be interested in, too? Unlike asking for a guest blog post, being talent on a podcast is extremely easy for a guest. It requires just a little bit of time to understand the subtopic to cover, how to answer the questions, and the actual recording time. To top it off, your guests get access to your website traffic, email subscribers, social media followers, and the subscribers on all of your podcast outlets like iTunes, Stitcher, SoundCloud, and Google Play. That's a ton of exposure for a guest. ^ And that's the way to market this opportunity to them. Action Items: Ask your team for the names of customers, email subscribers, industry influencers, and your suppliers who would be an excellent fit for a podcast episode according to your content core. Find aà list of your existing customers. Sift through the ones who sound like they'd have interesting stories to share. Sift through your email list for prospects who would be a good fit for your podcast. If necessary, review their website for information from blog posts or news releases on problems they've recently solved to understand how you may be able to share that story in a podcast episode. Peruse the list of companies youà buy stuff from. Think of industry influencersà and friends who could help you out. Pull together a shortlist of all of those email addresses. If for some reason you don't have the email address and just the name, go to that person's website, highlight their name, and use Datanyze Insider to find their email address in a matter of seconds. Now you have a shortlist of people who would be awesomeà talent for your podcast. It's time to make the process as painless as possible for them to go from introducing yourself to a recorded episode. I've found a simple process with 10 steps works best (and by the way, you can get the checklist I use for this process- along with all of my email templates- for free in the checklist/template resource that complements this blog post): Step #1:à Reach Out To Talent This is not a blasted message to your entire shortlist that blind copies each person. Tell your talentà how you selected them, why you'd value their contribution, and how they'll benefit from increased exposure from your audience. Provide a link to book an angle conversation with you before you record theirà episode using a tool like Calendly. With Calendly, the talent can see your schedule and book a time that works best for them and you. Calendly helps your guests easily book podcast meetings with you. You can also ask them for theirà Skype ID (and phone number in Calendly for backup purposes) to help you know how to get in contact with them easily. Step #2:à Follow Up On Outreach Pitch Email inboxes get busy. Give them some time to respond, but also let them know you're serious about featuring them as the top talent on your podcast. I've found about a week or so is a good amount of time to wait before following up. Step #3:à Confirm Angle Appointment If you opt to use Calendly, you will get an automatic email (and an automatic appointmentà on your Google Calendar) when your talent books an appointment with you. I've found it's best to add them immediately on Skype right when you get that confirmationà rather than trying to find them via their Skype IDà moments before the angle call. You'll find that some of your talent may give you the wrong Skype ID at first, so the sooner you discover that, the sooner you canà ask for it to avoid unprofessional technical difficulties. At this point, I also send an email to the talent to let them know I received their invitation to chat and let them know to expect to be on an angle call so I can get the information I need to draft questions, and not actually recording their episode. Step #4: Host Angle Call Some podcasts avoid doing this step. I find it's important because you get the opportunity to ask, "What is a major {insert topic} challenge you've solved recently? How did you solve that challenge? What mindset made you successful at solving that challenge?" This gives you all of the information you'd need to know to draft questions for an interview style podcast episode. You also get the chance to hear your talent speak- are they short with their answers, are they long-winded, is their audio bad, etc.? All of that information helps you understand what to expect as the host to direct your talent to show their strengths. I've found one size does not fit all, and these calls are immensely helpful for breaking the ice before recording the actual episode. Step #5: Draft Questions Depending on the person (short or long-winded?), I'll draft 10 to 20 questions to help me reach an intended record-time podcast episode length of about 20 minutes. The average commute to work is 25.4 minutes, so once you add in an introduction, middle call to action, and conclusion, you'll ensure your audience can listen to an entire episode on their way to work. Generally speaking, it's best to error on the side of writing too many questions rather than not having enough to hit your ideal podcast episode length. These questions are based entirely on the conversation from the angle call, and I even leave guestsà cuesà as a reminder of our prior conversation to direct them on how to answer specific questions. This isn't meant to alleviate their creativity, but rather, help prevent them from giving the same answers to multiple questions, especially with the subtopic of the episode is very narrowly focused. Step #6: Send Questions To Talent Send the questions to your talent, and ask them to book another appointment to record the actual episode. Again, Calendly works wonders for this. It's during this step that you can send a few tipsà to help your talent record the best episode possible. For example: Find a quiet place to record without distractions. Use headphones and a microphone. Put phones on silent. Turn off notifications on your computer. Plan on about 45 minutes for recording. Step #7: Send A Reminder The Morning Of Your Recording Your talent is busy. People forget. A short email saying you're excited to chat later today at a specific time serves as a nice reminder so you don't have to rebook your appointment and risk delaying your publishing schedule. Step #8: Record The Episode Explain to your talent what to expect before you record. Will you stick to the questions? Will you pry deeper if you think an answer was too vague? Will you go completely off track and ask new questions entirely (ones your talent may not have prepped for)? Are you recording a separate introduction and conclusion after you have the conversation? If they have a difficult name to pronounce, ask them before you record. And once you hit that record button, let them do the talking. They are the talent, not you. I've found it helpful to write transition sentences to help me moveà from one question to the next in a way that feels less jarring than asking straight questions- which also prevents me from bumbling from question to question. As you record more episodes, this process will feel more natural. Skill comes with practice. Step #9: Thank Your Talent After you record the episode, let your talent know you appreciate them! They just did you a solid, so I like to send them something special in the mail and let them know when to expect the episode to launch. Hooray for @swag! pic.twitter.com/gwEZ6eCJHJ Dustin W. Stout #SMMW19 (@DustinWStout) September 28, 2016 At this point, I also ask for anything else I might need to makeà the episode completely awesome, like their bio, headshot, company logos, and mailing address (that last one is for a care package). That content goes into blog posts to complement each episode release, along with social media graphics to promote the episode. Step #10: Let Them Know When The Episode Is Live Your talent will listen to their episode, and since they took the time to record it with you, they have incentive to share it with their audience, too. Give them the link to the blog post and the social media graphics you've designed to make it easy for them to share. Action Items: Whether or not you want to follow this exact 10-step process for managing your podcast guests' experiences, take the time now to draft the process that will work best for you and your team. How To Record And Produce Your Podcast Episodes The first thing to do is to make sure you're using the right tools to recordà professional quality podcast episodes: Skype is an amazing tool lots of podcasters use for hosting conversations. This is the actual calling software. Ecamm Movie Tools Call Recorder connects into Skype and gives you theà tool to record the conversation. It's good because it records your audio separate from the talent's, so you can easily mix out the person who is not talking and sweeten the audio for each person separately as needed. This technology works with Skype whether you're recording video podcasts or audio podcasts (which is yet another decision youà need to make). Your computer mic isn't good enough, especially if you're the host. Invest in a professional microphone. Over-the-ear or studio headphones help you hear your talent while ensuring your mic doesn't pick up their voice, thus producing an echo. Findà quiet room to record, even if that means ditching your noisy office to record at your home during the middle of the day. As you start to hear the conversations you're having, you can also think through the next steps for production, including music and sound effects, voiceovers, introductions, middle calls to action, and conclusions. Let's explore those areas of each episode a bit more. Choose Music And Sound Effects That Sound Likeà Your Culture Would you like to brand each podcast episode with specific introductory and conclusion music or sound effects? AudioBlocks is a great source toà find music for your podcast. Some things to consider may be: The music you've used in the past for videos The culture of your company (i.e. fun and quirky or serious and strong?) Brand your podcast with music that *sounds* like your visual brand.Consider A Professional Voiceover For Your Introduction And Conclusion Would you like a professional voiceover to introduce your podcast name and company? Should it be aà male or female voice? For example, a majority of 's audience is female, soà for the Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, we decided a professional female voiceover would be best. The voiceover talent offers an introduction to each episode, saying, "You're listening to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, powered by : The #1 marketing calendar for everything you need organized."à The same voice also concludes each episode, saying, "You've been listening toà The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, from your friends at . For more actionable content, visit .com." Freelancer.comà is a freelancing source that helps connect voiceover talent with folks like you. Record Episode-Specific Introductions Toà Share Your Talent's Credibility On The Subtopic Of Each Episode Record an introduction to the episode immediatelyà after you record the conversation. This helps you connect the dots betweenà your talent's advice and the classic WIIFM (what's in it for me?) for your audience. For these introductions, I like this framework: Begin with something catchy to help your listener feel like the episode will help them solve a problem.à "What if you could...", "Image how you'd feel when...", and similar discovery verbiage helps set the tone for what listeners will learn throughoutà the entire episode. Introduce the talent as the ultimate authority on the subtopic within the episode and why listeners should trust the guest's advice. Cover the WIIFMà in detail, focusing on the benefits your listeners will receive if they simply continueà listening to the episode. Introduce yourself so new listeners have a frame of reference for who you are as the host. If, for example, your professional voiceover introduces the podcast name by your company, you can introduce yourself as "Nathan from " to let your listeners know you representà that business. Restate the name of the podcast to help listeners remember where they're learning this valuable information. Record Episode-Specific Middle Calls To Action To Give Away Exclusive Content Like traditional TV shows usually haveà commercial breaks every eight minutes, so should your podcast episodes. The human brain can only pay attention for so long before it needs a distraction. Middle calls to action may act as ads for your product or service, a related piece of content you've just published, or even sponsorships (if that's how you're funding your podcast). For The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, I try to connect the dots between the conversation at hand and how can help listeners put that advice into practice. There are a few elements of these calls to actionà that help it feel appropriate in context: Begin with a sentence that clearly indicates the podcast episode is not ending. "There's a lot more advice from {talent name} to come." Keep the call to action short. "If you'd like to do {episode subtopic advice}à like {talent name}, {our product} is a great fit." Give them a specific link to visit. "Just sign up at {companyname.com/simple} to {experienceà desired benefit in context to subtopic} now." Transition back to the episode. "Now let's learn more about {episode subtopic} with a little extra help from {talent name}." Record Episode-Specific Conclusions To Button Up The Episode And Remind Listeners Of The Exclusive Offer Conclusions give you the opportunity to thank your talent for sharing their wisdom and reiterate to your audience why that advice is gold. You can also use them to direct your audience to learn more from episode-specific blog posts on your website, and reiterate the special offer you provided in your middle call to action. You could share the following information in your episode conclusions: Thank your talent Share the URL where listeners can find more information on the episode like show notes, talent bios, and episode transcripts Share the URL you mentioned in your middle call to actionà with an exclusive offer Ask forà ideas for future episodes or talent you should feature on the podcast A Note On Production: Learning audio editing tools can be time intensive. For the actual editing and production of The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, we work with a partner, Podcast Motor. I'd recommend researching third parties like Podcast Motor for your own podcast because it's like adding a podcast professional as a marketing team member. You get the added benefits that this team member will publish episodes on time no matter what, and will never become distracted by "shiny object" projects that take them off podcast tasks. How To Publish And Promote Your Podcast Episodes (A Grab Bag Of Advice) Libsyn is well-known as one of the best podcast hosting services. From here, you can upload your episodes and enterà destinationsà for where to share your podcast episodes. For example, allà Actionable Content Marketing Podcast episodes are hosted on Libsyn and are shared to iTunes, Stitcher, SoundCloud, and Google Play on a schedule for every week on Tuesday mornings. This step of the process is handled entirely by our partner, Podcast Motor, with the help of Libsyn, and is yet another reason why I'd recommend working with a podcast professional. Once you have your episodes queued in Libsyn, I have some advice for spreading the word as you plan your launch. Definitely Publish A Pre-Launch Podcast Announcement To Get Early Feedback You planned your podcast according to your content core, soà your audience really should love it. But. What if you could know they'll love it instead of just guessing? What if you could *know* your podcast will be successful before launching it?After you've recorded three episodes, I'd recommend publishing a blog post and sharing thoseà episodes with your existing audience. Share the three episodes- rough cuts with ums, ahs, and absolutely no audio sweetening or voiceovers. The point is to ask for their feedback before you invest any more time into yourà podcast. They may have feedback for your structure, talent, guests, etc. that will help you produce even better episodes in the future- even before you launch. Here's an example of how we did exactly that with The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast. Consider Publishing An Episode Zero To Set Your Listeners' Expectations Some podcasts publishà an episode zero to explain the benefits their listeners will receive if they consistently listen to the podcast. It's a handy way toà act as a kind of what's-in-it-for-me? FAQ. Here are some items you could cover in your episode zero: Why the name? What's the goal? How will your audience learn? Who will be on the podcast? What is the structure? What is the content? Where will your audienceà find the podcast episodes? When will you consistently publish? Episode zero is definitely a thing you could do, but not necessary for success. Plan Your Frequency And Consistency To Build A Loyal Listener Base Upon launch, our partner, Podcast Motor, recommends publishing at least two episodes (three in total, if you decide to go with episode zero). Still others recommend publishing three episodes (four if you opt for episode zero) to begin with. The main point is this: Publish more than one episode on your initial launch day so your early adopters have more content to consume if they want it. For example, The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast published two episodes on launch day, and will ship a third episodeà a few days after that initial launch. A key insight here is to record several episodes before you launch to make sure you have enough contentà to launch and keep you going. Before we launched The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, we had 13 episodes recorded so we wouldn't have to rush our guests to publish a new podcast episode every week. This means after our initial launch week, we had contentà prepared for 10à additional weeks. Record a bank of episodes before you launch your #podcast.As you thought through your episode zero, youà already asked yourself how often and when to publish. Knowing this information- will it be every Tuesday morning at 8 a.m. or once a month on the first Monday of the month?- will help you understand how big of a content bank to build before you launch. Plan Consistent Podcast Episode Names To Emphasize Your Talent's Credibility An awesome thing about podcasts- at least something we're trying for The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast- is to not focus so much on keywords. That frees us up to focus on stories that no one else in our industry is talking about with the folks who've solved major marketing challenges. That reflects deeply in the headlines we create for podcast names, and I'd suggest you follow a similar approach. Here are several examples from our initial podcast episodes- and also a sneak peek at what you're going to learn from The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast ;) How To Create A Bank Of Content (And Plan Ahead) With Janna Maron From Smart Passive Income How To Hack Your Marketing Like A Startup With Garrett Moon From How To Boost Facebook Engagement With Kelly Fitzgerald From Anytime Fitness How To Build Influence In Any Industry With Chris Dessi From Silverback Social How To Market A Brand New Feature Or Product With Kathryn Nyhus From How To Improve Your Editorial Strategy With Tara Clapper From SEMrush How To Optimize Your Social Media Messages With Dustin Stout From Warfare Plugins How To Solve Marketing Fire Drills With Kyle DeWeerdt From Apprenda How To Double Your Facebook Reach With Rebekah Radice From Post Planner How To Prioritize Your Marketing Projects With Josh Pigford From Baremetrics How To Organizeà Content Creation Like A Publisher With Matt Ankeny From Gear Patrol How To Generate And Nurture Leads With Brittany Berger From Mention How To Implementà A Guest Blogging Process With Jess Ostroff From Don't Panic Management The main lesson here is to share what your listeners will learn, backed by your guest's name and company to emphasizeà their credibility on the subtopic. That whole credibility thingà should also tie nicely into your episode-specific introduction to share with your audience why you chose to chat with a specific guest about that subtopic, connecting the dots from headline to the context of the conversation. Distinguishà Your Podcast With Graphic Design Your podcast needsà a specific brandingà style to distinguish itself among all the other podcasts in iTunes and beyond. If you don't have a designer in-house, it will make sense to either work with a third-party like Podcast Motor to help you with per-episode feature graphics, or create a long-term contract with a designer through a credible source like Dribbble. Our graphic designer, Ashton Hauff,à created a podcast branding PDF to help us brand The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast. In addition, she is designing every blog post feature graphic to show off the talent, and brand the blog posts specifically for the podcast. For example, here are a couple examples of blog post feature graphics Ashton hasà worked through for episodes #1 and #2: Introduce Your Blog Audience To Your Podcast With Episode-Specific Blog Posts I've alluded to this a few times- but it just makes sense to share each podcast episode in a specially-published post on your blog. This helps your existing blog audience and email subscribers see that you're offeringà them an entirely new way to experience your already-amazing content. There are a few elements of these blog posts that will ensureà an excellent experience for your blog audience while keeping your workload simple: Create a feature blog graphic. This helps distinguish each episode and can really show off the talent you're bringing to your audience. Embed the podcast episode inline in the blog post. The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast uses a player custom-built by Podcast Motor, andà there are many others including the Smart Podcast Player from Smart Passive Income. These players give your blog post readers the opportunity to listen to your episode while they peruseà the blog post. Include show notes. These are simply the big takeaways listeners will hear in detail as they listen to the episode. Include quotes from your guests. These are instantly shareable and immediately reiterate your guest's credibility on the subtopic of the episode. Create quote graphics. Once you know the quotes, it's easy to grab that text and turn them into sharable graphics.à Now that you have a feature graphic and several quote graphics, you canà easily provide those to your guest for when their episode launches so they can help you spread the word with beautifully branded and eye-catching social messages. These work really well for you to share your own blog posts on social media. Include a bio for your guest. Again, bios are great for showing your audience why your guest has the authority to provideà actionable advice on the subtopic. Include a full-episode transcript.à Have you ever listened to podcasts on the go, then wanted to find a specific piece of advice later? I know I have. And full episode transcripts make it easy for your audience to find the information they need quickly. Include a call to action to subscribe on iTunes. If your visitors are liking what they're hearing, it's nice for them to have the opportunity to subscribe on iTunes (preferably) or to a specific email list you've created just for your podcast listeners. Easily Direct Traffic To A Custom Podcast Landing Page In your episodes themselves, it's nice toà have an easy way to direct your listeners to where they can find more information. I've found a specially-designed landing page with a simple-to-say URL is handy. Your landing page can serve the purpose of: Showing your latest episodes with links to the specific blog posts. Optimizing the experience to convert visitors into iTunes subscribers (or a specific podcast subscriber email list). Here's how we did it for The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast with help from our front-end designer and developer, Megan Beck, and Ashton's branding guidelines. Give Awayà Exclusive Content With A Custom Podcast Signup Page For The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, we also wanted to give our podcast listeners a special, exclusive offer of .à Like the custom podcast landing page, I needed a URL that was easy to say in each episode, and a custom signup page especially built for podcast listeners. The main point here is this: If you have one call to action per episode, what would it be for your podcast? And how will you optimize that experience for your listeners? If you have one call to action per episode, what would it be for your podcast?Oh... if you want to know what that exclusive offer is, the only way to find out is by listening to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast. We are planning to not hand that URL out anywhere else to really know that the podcast is driving those conversions. ^ I'd suggest you experiment with something similar. Build Excitement Like any piece of content you publish, promotion is critical to success. Here are a few bonus ideas/tactics that may work for promoting your episodes: Tag companies mentioned in each episode in social media messages (or find their email addresses with a tool like Datanyze Insider or ContentMarketer.io and email them) Ask your guests to share their episodes and provide them the custom graphics you've created Email your general subscriber list Email your podcast-specific subscriber list Ask your company, friends, and family toà share Include calls to actionà to your podcast landing page from your new and most popular blog posts Install Hello Bar or the equivalent to share your podcast with all website visitors Tease episode releases a day before you publish them ... And That's How To Start A Podcast Good luck as you start your own podcast! I'd love to hear your additional advice and lessons learned along the way. And if you have subtopics or people you'd love to hear us feature on Theà Actionable Content Marketing Podcast, let me know! lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-50673648832639667682020-02-26T12:06:00.001-08:002020-02-26T12:06:02.932-08:00Project Management Concepts Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsProject Management Concepts - Coursework Example The present study has been conducted in lieu to analyze the critical factor related to the successful execution of a project. The present study consists of two divisions; the first part consists of various stages of a project life cycle while the second part of the study deals with the preparation of a project plan for KFC Hale (Kousholt, 2007, p. 121) Task-1 Project life cycle brief Before getting in to explaining the case of project life cycle through practical example it is important to provide a brief overview of a project life cycle. A project life consists of four different stages namely initiation, planning, execution and evaluation. The initiation phase begins with defining the scope and purpose of the project. The first step of the planning phase is creation of the detailed project plan. The execution phase of the project includes the explanation of the deliverables by the project manager. It also includes the monitoring and control of the project delivery. The project evalu ation or implementation phase is carried out in order to determine the overall success of the project (Biswas, 2011, p. 105). Example The XYZ manufacturing company LTD is a small and medium scale computer manufactures. The company is looking to achieve process efficiency by reducing product delivery time and inventory costs. The company has hired a project consultant to provide guidance for the project throughout the life cycle of the project. Initiation This phase involves defining the purpose and the scope of the project. In this particular case the main goals of the project is to provide improved system and controlling the inventory as well as reduce the product delivery systems. The project would look to provide a modularized, flexible bill of material system to reduce the support cost. The objectives of the project would be to achieve inventory cost reduction of 25% of the display, improve average days to deliver the displays from eight to three days and server delivery to ten to five days (Kloppenborg, 2011, p.345) Planning The planning phase would involve the creation of a set of planning documents. The main objective of the phase is to create a project plan to identify the work breakdown structure or WBS of the key activities needed to complete the project. Project ID Deliverable Due Date Display Division goes live Complete inventory module Complete Bill of material module Complete order entry module Finalize testing and training 05/01/13 08/04/13 11/09/13 05/01/14 Server Division Live Complete inventory module Complete Bill of material module Complete order entry module Finalize testing and training 01/06/13 02/07/13 03/09/13 05/01/13 The planning phase would also require human resource planning as well as financial planning. The brief overview has been given blow: Execution Phase During the execution phase the project deliverables are physically built and presented for the acceptance of the client Activity Description Ownership Identification In the beginning of the project the major risks would be documented for the purpose of tracking. Specific management team is responsible for developing key project management strategies to establish the possible risks.à lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-67285353753596526462020-02-10T04:53:00.001-08:002020-02-10T04:53:02.392-08:00The Economic Dominance of the United States EssayThe Economic Dominance of the United States - Essay Example On the other hand, however, people who worked in the Soviet economy were given very little incentive to be more productive. Everybody was given a quota to meet and once that was done, then no more was required of them. The economic dominance of the United States was because its economy was basically in private hands with very little interference from the government. The encouragement of private enterprise in the United States is the reason why its economy prospered and why the most dominant multinationals in the world at that time came from this country. When compared with other economic powers such as that of the Soviet Union, the latterââ¬â¢s did not have enough opportunity to ensure that it was diversified enough to stay competitive on the global scene. While the United States economy remained dominant for a period of some thirty years and benefitted many of its citizens, it was also detrimental to many people, not only in the United States itself but also in the developing countries where its companies conducted their activities. The capitalist economic system of the United States created a situation where there developed an unprecedented level of unemployment not only within the country but also in developing countries (Keohane 5). Because of the vicious and predatory nature of the capitalist system, one of the main causes of unemployment was when companies went out of business. In many instances, this came as a surprise and people were hardly ever prepared in case they were suddenly unemployed. Gerschenkron is of the opinion that the United Statesââ¬â¢ economy was maintained through its exploitation of the developing countries, the latter being the source of cheap raw materials for the American industries (102). lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-13920409049500502232020-01-30T16:45:00.001-08:002020-01-30T16:45:04.055-08:00Convenience and Future of ATMs in my Community Essay Example for Free Convenience and Future of ATMs in my Community Essay Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) have made our life easy and convenient in many ways. With more and more ATMs being installed from street corners to local retails, from outside the bank to shopping malls, they are hard to miss. Gone are they days when we need to stand in line inside banks waiting to be served by tellers? Transaction now processed with just the click of a few buttons. History and Development Luther George Simjian, in 1939, had the first idea to place an ATM in banks (Bellis, n. d. ). He was to place them in holes so that bank clients can make their transaction through the window. This was first tested in New Yorks First National City Bank now Citicorp but was later rejected due to the lack of demand of customers (Bellis, n. d. ). The first truly cash-dispensing machine was created by John Shepherd-Barron from De La Rue Instruments called De La Rue Automatic Cash System, or DACS (International Merchant Services, n. d. ). They were checks bought in advance from tellers and was impregnated with Carbon 14 in order for the machines to detect them (Bellis, n. d. ). It was installed and placed in Barclays bank in London (International Merchant Services, n. d. ). In 1969, the first magnetic card was introduced. It was created by Don Wetzel who was working with Docutel. He had the patent along with Tom Barnes and George Chastain. It was installed in a New York based Chemical Bank (Bellis, n. d. ). Later, Docutel developed the first truly ATM machine that we are familiar today. It was placed in the wall and outside the bank. However, the first ATMs did not directly accessed your personal account when withdrawing money from it. Instead, they were initially offered to the banks credit card holders with good credit standings (Bellis, n. d. ). They were only cash advancements from the clients credit card rather than debiting them directly from the account. It was far from what we know of today where ATMs can do almost everything an ordinary teller can do such as deposits, transfers money from checking to savings, cash advances to your credit card and takes payments. How ATMs Work ATM works by providing users and clients with a remote access with their bank accounts. These machines are connected to the bank accounts through internet connection to the banks database where it has information on the amount of money in the account (Bowen, 2000). The magnetic part of the card stores information of the user such as account number and the pass code. Once the user has entered the correct code it will verify it to the users bank and will send out verification on the transaction that has to be made. The card then dispenses the money using an electronic eye and detector to determine the bills that are sent out. The sensor detects if there are stuck or worn out bills and places them in the discard tray and issues the user the required transactions (Bowen, 2000). Once the transactions are made, they are logged in the machines journal in case the client has disputes on the transactions. Growth of the ATM The popularity of the ATM is undisputed today. The number of ATMs installed today shows its success and effectiveness on both the banks and their clients. Banks have embraced this technology because of three reasons (Islam, Sheel, Biswas, n. d. ). First, banks improve their financial, marketing and competitive positions by attracting clients and increasing their revenue by increasing their services such as loans and financial packages (Islam, et. al. , n. d. ). ATMs provided human resources with more time to process request that ATMs cannot process, thus, it increased the efficiency of tellers providing better services to their clients increasing the income of banks. Further, customers are now looking for banks with more access to ATMs for their convenience and accessibility. Second, ATMs can perform many of the tasks than tellers do and in the long run they are easier to maintain and cost considerably less than their human counterparts (Islam, et. al. , n. d. ). Installing ATMs reduces the work load of tellers. The increase in number of clients for a bank means that they would need more resources to cater to their customers. ATM machines are more efficient for they need no training and less maintenance (Islam, et. al. , n. d. ). Banks realize this cost effective way of providing service and provided more and more machines for their clients (Ferrari, Verboven, Degryse, 2007). Last, ATM machines serve as factors for marketing decisions for financial institutions (Islam, et. al. , n. d. ). Banks would first place ATMs in potential locations for establishing bank branches. They would first see if there are enough clients for them in the area before finally establishing a bank in the area. ATMs today can also provide cash advances from credit cards depending on the allowable limit of the card. Another convenience provided for the users is the added feature of ATM cards. They can now be used as a debit card similar to that of the credit card. However, users must make sure that they have enough cash in their accounts to make similar purchases with that of the credit card. Problems Facing ATMs ATMs, though beneficial for most of its users, has their flaws and problems. They are most of the times reliable but sometimes they do break down and need some maintenance. It is sometimes out of service and needs overhaul and it needs to replenish its cash contents. These are the common problems of ATM machines. First time users of the machine may also find it difficult to use them and may be complex for them. However, this can be learned easily with a few tries at the machine. Others, on the other hand, points out those ATMs dispense only a certain denomination of money. Customers are either to transact lower or higher than what they really need but seldom exactly the cash they wanted. Finally, clients are sometimes frustrated when the machine captures their cards especially if they badly need the cash and they do not have any other ATMs available to them. Personal Application In Scottsbluff, Nebraska, ATM machines are normally situated in local shops within the community. There is also one located inside my local bank that has my account. Locations where there are many people passing by also have ATM machines installed within the area. This provides convenience and accessibility for users who need cash. Further, people who have no private cars can easily access these machines and do their transactions without the going to the bank. Further, they are easier to install than constructing new bank branches. Personally, ATMs have its own advantages and disadvantages. The most beneficial would be convenience and accessibility. People do not need to do their transaction within the bank or during banking hours. They can even do it during the night or even in another state. ATMs in the shopping mall have a business value for the mall other than having people to just withdraw cash from the machine. If users withdraw money in the mall, they are likely to spend some of it in the same mall. Citizens of Scottsbluff are also most likely to spend a portion of their money in the Newsagents, chip shop, hairdressers and the two public houses. These places have ATM machines located near them. However, there are some disadvantages. Some ATMs have surcharges if you are using a machine from a different bank other than yours. People using these machines 2-3 times per week, can have surcharges that may have a sizable amount. But this is still very minimal compared to the benefits that these machines provide us. Another disadvantage of ATMs in some areas of the community is those that are located inside shops that close early. These machines would have limited access to potential users and are only available only during store hours. Finally, news of scams connected to ATM machines are becoming more common where in criminals can have access to your personal account by using a machine attached to ATMs that records your personal information as well as your account number and pin code. Conclusion The disadvantage of ATMs outweighs the advantages that it gives to its users as well as the banks that provide them. ATMs have come a long way from its beginnings. Today, it is no longer just used for simple cash dispersing but also includes a wide variety of uses including payment of bill, ATM debiting and cash advances from credit cards. Without these machines, banks would have not been as efficient as they are today and people would have not ripped the benefits of this technology. References Bellis, M. (n.d.). The history of automatic teller machines or ATM. Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://Inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/atm.htm Bowen, J. (2000, April 1). Howstuffworks How ATMs work. Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/banking/atm3.htm Ferrari, Stijn. Verboven, Frank. Degryse, Hans. (2007, November). Investment and usage of new technologies: Evidence from a shared ATM network. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1075042 Timeline The ATM history. (n.d.). Retrieved February 6, 2009, from http://www.atm24.com/NewsSection/Industry%20News/Timeline%20-%20The%20ATM%20History.aspx. Islam, Rafiqul. Sheel, Samir Kumar. Biswas, Pallab Kumar. (n.d.). Customer satisfaction of ATM service: A case study of HSBC ATM. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=990242 lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-42688405357698615022020-01-22T13:08:00.001-08:002020-01-22T13:08:02.864-08:00Jesus of Nazareth Essay -- ChristianityOne of the most controversial figures of history, Jesus of Nazareth is also one of the most influential. His short life and ministry sparked the beginning of a new religion that has grown to be one of the biggest in the world today, and has been the subject of intense debate among scholars and the population in general for centuries now. Some groups, such as the Jesus Seminar, assert that the historical Jesus did not say or do most of the things attested to Him in the New Testament, while more conservative scholars believe that most, if not all of the statements and actions in the New Testament were factual. Still others, such as Rudolf Bultmann, believe that it does not matter if Jesus were historical or not ââ¬â one can still have faith apart from history. Some people believe that Jesus was a real person, but He was not the Messiah for which the Jewish people were waiting. Rather, He was simply a good person and a good teacher who was killed unjustly. Many others have based the ir faith and even their life on Jesusââ¬â¢ teachings and call Him Lord, among them C.S. Lewis, who went on to further suggest that you cannot call Jesus a good teacher and be done with it. According to Lewisââ¬â¢ trilemma, because Jesus claimed to be God, then He must either be God, be crazy, or be a liar (Lewis 51). Before forming an opinion on the person of Jesus, however, it is essential to examine the documents related to His life and what they say about Him, as well as His teachings and mission. There is too much debate surrounding the person of Jesus to find a consesus among scholars with which one can agree ââ¬â it is an opinion that must be formed on oneââ¬â¢s own. Our primary source for learning about the person of Jesus is the Bible, which includes both the Old ... ...gh Jesusââ¬â¢ divinity is widely debated, one cannot deny the fact that Jesus of Nazareth existed. Many sources, biblical and extra-biblical, mention this historical figure and discuss His life and His teaching. Every person who hears about Jesus must ultimately make a decision about who He actually was, and that decision could be a life changing one. Regardless of what one thinks about Jesus, He was certainly a high influential individual who changed the course of history, and His ideas are still relevant today. Carver, Stephen. ââ¬Å"Sources for Studying Jesus.â⬠BI 250. Warner Pacific College, Portland. 7 Oct. 2010. Lecture. ââ¬â. ââ¬Å"The Historical Background of Jesusââ¬â¢ Life.â⬠BI 250. Warner Pacific College, Portland. 16 Sept. 2010. Lecture. The ESV Study Bible. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008. Print. Lewis, C. S. Mere Christianity. New York: Macmillan, 1952. Print. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-5891983846552745332020-01-14T09:31:00.001-08:002020-01-14T09:31:03.030-08:00Colonial Latin America1. Chasteen states that by the late nineteenth century Latin American countries aimed to imitate England, France or the US, countries that equated Progress. What material or technological transformations did Latin Americans seem to have associated to the idea of ââ¬Å"progressâ⬠? Latin America decided to associate with the idea of progress the idea of being able to export their home grown goods.While England, France and the US, exported industrial machinery (because it was made in those countries) Latin America decided they could not compete with those countries in selling machinery so they made their economies of selling livestock and agricultural goods. 2. How does the idea of Progress relate to what we have learned about neocolonialism? Explain. Neocolonialism and progress can relate because the new countries that were made up of what once was Latin America began to grow economically once this period of ââ¬Å"new coloniesâ⬠took place.All these new countries started pr ogressing because they built their own economies and politics. 3. According to Altamirano, what were the main causes of the decadence and backwardness of towns like Texcoco? Altamirano, explains that the main causes of the towns Texcoco were due various changes like the construction and customs of the civilians. In addition, he also blames the conquest of the Spaniards. 4. Based on Ignacio Manuel Altamiranoââ¬â¢s chronicle about the railroad of Texcoco, what transformations did railroads appear to have brought to some regions of Latin America?The railroads appeared to have brought to some regions of Latin America transformations in the fact that they instilled spirit and vigor. In Texcoco it restored a land that had been suffering for a long time. It was redemption for the Mexicans. 5. According to Altamirano, the first arrival of the Spanish in Texcoco brought missionaries. What does he say that the second Spanish Mission to Texcoco has brought and how do the locals feel about i t? The second Spanish mission to Texcoco brought gospel of Science and nineteenth-century civilization. 6. According to Burns, what was the importance of land for Latin Americaââ¬â¢s economy and society?The land was of grave importance to Latin Americaââ¬â¢s society because their economy thrived on the land to produce money. Latin Americaââ¬â¢s main import was all things agricultural and homegrown. 7. The slogan of Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata was ââ¬ËLand and Libertyââ¬â¢. Explain what did Zapata mean by these terms? Zapata is advocating the transfer of land to the landless. He believes everyone should have the privilege of owning land. 8. What did Zapataââ¬â¢s Plan of Ayala intend to accomplish`? Zapata's Plan of Ayala was to recover land owned by hacendados or the oppressors at the time and return it to the citizens of Mexico. 9.Focusing on Ramon Betetaââ¬â¢s comments on agrarian reform, explain briefly what was the condition of the Mexican peasants during the early twentieth century? Mexican peasants were treated just as bad as slaves. Mexicans were exploited in the haciendas that were previously owned by them. 10. What changes did the Agrarian Reform aim to introduce? The Agrarian Reform was to change the old system of land holding. They believed in land distribution to be in: restitution, donation, and ampliation. 11. How is agrarian reform related to agricultural production? The land is being returned now more crops will be harvested and agriculture will grow. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-70009207957070575562020-01-06T05:54:00.001-08:002020-01-06T05:54:03.426-08:00Message and Values in Riders to the Sea by J.M Synge Essay We have seen in the series a musical, a fantasy and a comedy. Something peculiar in scene and tone and more realistic is effective in being the last play in the series. J. M. Syngeââ¬â¢s Riders to the Sea is the finest example of one-act play. With limited characters, pointed place, unified action, simple plot, colloquial language and universal tune Synge achieves remarkable success. The play is worth producing and watching because of its artistic values and a strong message that it brings: poverty and destruction of nature cannot conquer the dignity of the people. Riders to the Sea by J.M Synge is a tragic play regarding the sacrifice one family has made over their years on an island West of Ireland. When Synge wrote Riders to the Sea in 1904â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦M. Synge, uncovers the heroic values and the awareness of universal myth with which the islanders enrich their lives. Skelton states that Synge symbolizes the islanders for the making of images and values ... which point towards the importance of reviving, and maintaining, a particular sensibility in order to make sense of the predicament of humanity. (Skelton, 124) The power of the sea is the main theme of the play: it is both a provider and a destroyer; it provides life, connection with the mainland, it, however, takes life. Peopleââ¬â¢s sense of time and direction is determined by the sea. The fishermen keep struggling to get a living out of the sea in tiny boats, even though lots of family membersââ¬â¢ lives have been lost in the sea. The dramatic structure of the play moves around the sea. In the beginning there is suspense as to whether the sea has given back the dead body of the young man it has taken. At the end there is suspense as to whether the last remaining son will survive the storm. The life of the people is presented as being archaic in many perspectives. The beliefs of ancient times are seen to be alive: black hags and spirits haunt the seas; Maurya sees the ghost of her dead son, and all interpret this as a sign that the last son is doomed. The main epic speech describes the destruction of the men of the family. As the old lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-90523992647541054512019-12-29T02:18:00.001-08:002019-12-29T02:18:03.804-08:00Services oriented architecture - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 26 Words: 7866 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview A Successive business environment always want to have some innovative business process models designed in a way that can enhance their business and operational performance with maintaining uniqueness from their business competitors. Business process improvements demands for an adaptive information and software architecture with a business process platform (BPP) that brings the required innovation and uniqueness with a guaranteed performance improvement in daily business operations. The demand for a more flexible and agile platform for a business oriented sector is dealt through services oriented architecture (SOA), where the IT solutions and techniques are congregated to meet the constantly shifting needs of industry. SOA starts with services, which are group of components mainly involve in a business process execution. The use of these loosely coupled web- services at an enterprise level, with well defined and platform independent re-useable interfaces has emerged with enterprise services and a higher level of SOA based platform. that has proved to be an industry standard, specifically focusing on business processes. The emergence of web services developments and standards in support of automated business execution has driven a major technological advancement, most notably the service oriented architecture. (SOA approach tech and research issue (2007). Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Services oriented architecture" essay for you Create order SAP as a market giant in providing the business solutions is combining the technology with its deep business processes and industry knowledge and has evolved using enterprise SOA terminology, a step ahead from standard SOA technology. SAP offer the enterprise SOA in terms of using the SOA technology to deliver business solutions with well defined set of enterprise services models and SOA enabled SAP NetWeaver platform. SAP delivers business process platform by offering the SAP NetWeaver platform as a technological basis and its latest release of mySAP ERP applications (SAP ERP6.0) as a functional core of it. (Campbell and Mohun, 2007, pp 97-98) Enterprise SOA as being business driven software architecture needs to be presented with more exploration of its business driven features, covers business aspects of SOA such as its adopted methodologies, strategic and governance aspects etc. Some additional views and research study on SOA in context of its impact on BPP also emphasize to take SOA as a business driven approach only, which considers both sides of it, the technical infrastructure and the business driven approach. ( some research referenceforget find it out plsssss ) SOA as presented in the trade literature, is not in the form of business architecture, nor is it presented from a business perspective. By and large the literature addresses the technical aspects of services-orchestration not the business aspects. This lack of a business view is what distinguishes a SOA from an enterprise SOA (Gulledge T, 2007). The above statement clearly mark the enterprise SOA with an eminent status of business oriented platform and insist the research community to divert more towards its business aspect rather than having the technical perspective of it. Considering the above two statements by (Gartner and Gulledge), the research area of this thesis is to explore the business aspect of an enterprise services oriented architecture (enterprise SOA) in context of enterprise business solutions and applications presented in the form of a business process platform (BPP), SPECIFICALLY the approach and business logic presented by software vendor SAP in this field. In order to make this research more logically accepted towards the business processes transformation on a enterprise SOA oriented business process platform, a technological view on the features and capabilities of enterprise SOA will also be discussed with its current and future role in evolution of SAP NetWeaver as an application, integration, composition and finally as a business process platform. Business process management, Composite applications, building blocks, web services, Model driven approach. Designing SOA architecture is extremely considered with the awareness of business processes and same will form the core of operational and functional platform for the business processes in the future. This research thesis is to empirically analyze the impact of the eSOA on the future of SAP Business processes platform along with the identification of the central requirements that are not yet satisfied by this architecture in an enterprise environment. In addition this thesis introduces/demonstrates the emerging SOA methodologies and methods being used in developing the composite application, as well as the limitations in the business process platform for SAP products and solutions. ********implements dynamic services, composing and binding of services and the functionality of a business process platform with possible applications (supported) are also described.********* First we provide an introduction to Web Services and the place they can play inenterprise systems. The aim is to provide an overall understanding of the technologyrather than a tutorial on its detailed application. A high-level model of our enterprisesystem context is also presented to aid the discussion. Second, we examine the extentto which web services can be used within an enterprise system, and conclude that theycan. This means that a single worldwide standard for services can be used not onlybetween enterprises, but also within them, even within a single address space! All partsof an enterprise system can be provided with the same standard technology, frontinglegacy systems, message buses, new systems, business processes, and workflow Page 14. . An SOA is a component model comprises mainly on web services that interrelates functional units of an application called services. Through well defined interfaces and contracts betwen by using an approach of web services, Enterprise SOA and the wide-ranging opportunities offered by thebusiness process platform fundamentally change the developmentof business processes. They make it possible to model and combinebusiness workfl ows in virtually any way, using enterprise services..This paper outlines the various aspects of SOA adoption from a technical and business viewpoint, discusses theresearch efforts in these areas, highlights the dearth of critical research into the business and organizational factorsinfluencing the adoption of SOA, and discusses potential approaches to study these factors and their impact. Indoing so, this paper sets an agenda for researchers interested in the practical ramifications of the populararchitectural approach to systems development and business proces s transformation. The following section provides a brief background on the concept of service-oriented computing. Section 3 covers adiscussion of the potential challenges beyond technology in the road to an enterprise SOA rollout, summarizing thestate of affairs in current published literature and highlighting the need for empirical investigation of SOA in practice.Section 4 outlines a research agenda for studying the real-world impacts of SOA adoption discussing possible areasof investigation and potential approaches for research. The final section, Section 5, summarizes the analysis andprovides some concluding remarks on future research.SOA is a logical way of designinga software system to provide services to either end-user applications or to otherservices distributed in a network, via published and discoverable interfaces. A wellconstructed,standards-based Service Oriented Architecture can empower a business environmentwith a flexible infrastructure and processing environment. SOA achieves this by provisioning independent, reusable automated business process and systems functions asservices and providing a robust and secure foundation for leveraging these services. Efficienciesin the design, implementation, and operation of SOA-based systems can allow organizationsto adapt far more readily to a changing environment 1.2 Aim and Objective The Aim of the research is to analyze the various aspects of enterprise-SOA adoption in evolving a business process platform from a technical and business viewpoint, highlight the influencing technologies and their future impact on adoption of enterprise SOA enabled platform (SAP NetWeaver) as a reusable building and composing paradigm for business processes. To pursue with the Aim, following are the objectives devised, To provide an overview of Service oriented architecture in context of SAP enterprise-SOA based Business process platform and its impact on future developments within SAPs provided business solutions. To provide a technical exposition, highlighting the usage and interaction of enterprise services on SAP enterprise SOA enabled BPP and its composition environment. To provide a clear explanation of the importance of STANDARDS to enterprise SOA to explore its expected flexibility and uniformity in operating the business applications on an enterprise SOA oriented BPP. To explore the BPP at all levels of its lifecycle in order to have an exact relationship and features it perseveres from enterprise SOA and enterprise services as its core ingredient of services enriched structure. To highlight the real change, an enterprise SOA would be bringing in to specific industries as an individual business application platform and also as commonly available platform for different business natures e.g. ERP, CRM, and SCM etc. 1.3 Approach 1.4 Dissertation Outline Thesis has been divided in four main chapters, covering most of the aspects of the topic. In this introduction chapter 1, the introduction on the topic is given, with highlighting the subject importance and the reason on categorizing the subject area in technical and business perspective. Aims and Objectives of thesis are also described here with a brief overview of the intended findings of this thesis. Chapter 2 presents a literature review, dedicated to provide explanation on the key concepts of enterprise SOA and Business process platform, along with the other relevant and interrelated issues, terminologies and methodologies, affecting the research area directly or indirectly. The purpose of the next chapter 3 is to present the research method applied to reach on an answer to the research question. The subsequent chapter 4 is all about the results and summary of the Qualitative/Qualitative/Empirical data finding of online survey with an analysis of the data collection and personal findings. Chapter 5 summarizes the analysis outcome and present a conclusion, in addition with areas of interest for future research. CHAPTER 2: LITRATURE REVIEW 2.1 Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture (enterprise SOA) Enterprise Service-oriented Architecture (Enterprise SOA) is a business driven software Architecture based on the capabilities and qualities of enterprise services. Enterprise SOA mainly transforms the IT Architecture such as a business process platform (BPP) for an organization with more compliance to the real-time technical and business requirements by elevating the web services to enterprise level. Walker L (2007). Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has become the governing architecture for the future versions of SAP business process platform and SAP business applications. Service-oriented architecture is a blueprint for an adaptable, flexible, and open IT architecture for developing services-based, enterprise-scale business solutions. With the SAP NetWeaver technology SAP Research (2009) A forecast on a view on Business 2010 by the Economist back in 2005 concluded 82 percent of the decision makers survey as a companys potential for success depends on its ability to flexibly harness IT for process innovation and integration. The best-placed companies are those that turn requirements and ideas from departments and management into IT-based business processes as fast as possible Business 2010. With the same view of Business 2010 and beyond, SAP has developed the enterprise SOA where the main core of the architecture, the enterprise services can be reused in business processes. New functionalities can easily be activated in the response of a workflow change which helps redesigning the business processes rapidly and efficiently on the base of new business ideas and models. Enterprise-SOA is a flexibly adopted and strategically recognized architecture now by a huge number of existing IT platforms and business processes across the enterprise sector. The architecture demands more research and developments at a further phase for enterprise-SOA adoption heading towards more substantial processes improvement across Business platforms, developed by many major vendors by spending huge resource in order to refine the business processes running on the business platforms. Before exploring the more details on SOAs current and future technological incorporated business platform, the base and core technology paving such a platform will be discussed first, generally known as WEB SERVICES. Enterprise SOAs relationship and its link with its base web services and role in Business process management and BPP is discussed further in next sections in an appropriate manner. 2.1.1 Enterprise SOA A Derivation from Web Services Enterprise Services, working as a core of enterprise-SOA are technically based on web services technology. Working through interfaces channels, these services are transformed with additional features of many business related contents and processes and introduced as enterprise services within an enterprise environment such as SAPs enterprise-SOA. Woods et al (2004) Web services in general are potentially new generation software based technologies, introduced to deal with business enhancements and complexities within the dynamically integrated business environments with in and across the organizations. Web services are comprises of applications that provide different internet based interfaces normally required at an enterprise level and also participate in delivering a service-oriented architecture (SOA. Although web services may not be the only requirement to implement an enterprise-SOA, but they are becoming the most preferred in an enterprise environment because of their technical interoperability features relying on open standardized web technologies as mentioned by Purao and Umapathy (2007). SOA work as a platform and represent a framework that manages web services transformation in to enterprise and application services to make them a useful and effective mechanism for a business activity or process running on a SOA enabled platform, similarly an enterprise-SOA is a SAP terminology, developed to present an SOA environment to fully enriched their business process platform with the technical and business processes features inherited by enterprise web services technology. This inherited web technology architecture interacts and integrate the business functionalities to provide a more flexible and valuable business and technology integrated platform, called as a business process platform. 2.1.2 Web Services Technologies and standards Grham et al (2002) technically describes the web services as an interface which provides a collection of integrated operations, accessible thorough standardized Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) protocol messaging. A Web Service functions using a standard XML notation, called its service description, that provides all of the details necessary during interaction with the service, including message formats, transport protocol, and location. These web services descriptions, performing a specific or a set of tasks are expressed in Web Services description languages WSDL. Web services business-oriented platform has a wide acceptance in todays internet based business environment. Built on standard internet based technologies and standards briefly mentioned below, makes it more favorite towards web services based business processes. Maamar et al (2006). These web services technologies are driven by three research communities a) The standard group of the W3C, the Organization for the Advance ment of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) and the Global Grid Forum (GGF) b) Middleware vendor adoption and c) The open-source community. Cesare et al (2007). Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) is a text based core central component of web Services architecture, used for expressing data. Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) is a standard approach function as a business application towards registering web services definitions in to a repository. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is an XML based transport mechanism protocol that defines the structure of the message used for the communication in between web services. It also defines the message processing method, encoding of exchanged data in between services and how to represent remote procedures and responses. Web Services description languages (WSDL) defines the input and output parameters in the form of user interfaces for web service. Paar (2003). ebXML is used to exchange the business profile information between the web service provider and the web services requester. Enterprise SOA and Business Process Platform (A Meeting of Disciplines) 2.2 Business Process Platform 2.2.1 What is a Business Process Platform? Adopting Enterprise SOA for a company require an appropriate platform to accommodate the new architecture and its services enabled solutions. A Business Process Platform performs as a prerequisite for the deployment and integration of enterprise services, centrally located with the enterprise services Repository (ESR) containing enterprise services definitions, unified with business and information technology and business intelligence features provide more operational excellence for the business processes dependant and running on this technology platform. The reason behind to build a business process platform was to provide an appropriate technology platform equipped with applications to deliver the business processes in a flexible way from the customer point of view and to adjust and customize the business processes in to something appropriate with its clients business needs. A Business Process Platform (BPP) formally known as NetWeaver in SAPs domain brings more business consistenc y and innovation through the Enterprise SOA. ****BPP Changes Infrastructure and the Business Application Vendor Landscape (LOOK FOR this research/journal mentioned in gartner.pdf 2.2.2 SAP approach to deliver the Business Process Platform. SAPs approach on delivering the Business Process platform is entirely influenced by SAP ERP software, which was mainly built by using an approach of a combination of SAP own technology, the ABAP programming language, enabled integrated business processes within companies and implemented standard software with an easy to install attribute to customer sites. SAP has built its Business process platform on top of the Service oriented Architecture (SOA) design. Using the already existing SOA terminology SAP has extended the technology to enterprise SOA, adding all the business processes development and management knowledge they had previously as being serving the business community for last many years. SAPs business process platform has been enhanced with many built in features that makes it a pre-defined, pre-delivered and pre-developed with web services, business processes features, components and contents that allow a user to compose and deliver new application by using its built in set of services. The current business process platform has SAP NetWeaver as a technological ground and SAP ERP 2005 with all the business functionalities and other SAP business applications act as a functional core of the platform. Web services enablement with all the definitions of enterprise web services and the wide ranging opportunities delivered with business process platform fundamentally change the development of business processes. SAP has described a clear roadmap for enterprise-SOA based business process platform and most of the developments are in place and utilized by the business industry. In the next sections, a summary of the major elements of the enterprise-SOA with a detailed review of the usefulness of current SAP adopted technologies and features to develop its BPP is discussed, which at a later stage can help to predict how SAPs future version of BPP will continue to evolve based upon the current SOA strategy and other industry developments. Model Driven Approach Moving away from coding towards a modelling approach SAP utilized business processes expert community to model its existing Business processes running in its business applications. These models are developed in a semantic way, completely different the way as used by the business applications (ERP, CRM etc) replacing the coding with business process perspective. They make it possible to model and combine the business workflows using the enterprise services. ***************SEE BOOK Requirement Modeling and specification for SOA) 3. Business Process Management Business Process Management initially developed from a business perspective to improve the business processes and got associated with a number of business improvement methodologies such as total quality management (TQM), Six Sigma, and business process re-engineering (BPR). The emergence of enterprise-SOA and web services technology in the context of business process platform revolutionizes the transformation of business processes running on the platform. A successful business functionality of the SOA require a clear focus on the business processes, pre-designed and pre-deployed on a business process platform for composing and delivering new business applications. Enterprise SOA repeatedly joins the services with business processes to awake the features of complete business process management architecture within the business process platform. BPM in other words, refers to the business process platform ability that automates the management of business processes. Business process Management (BPM) is a concept of management discipline has been referred to as the third wave of process management by Howared Smith and Peter Finar Fingar (Smith and Fingar, 2003). The first wave of processes management where the processes were standardized but not automated and the second wave where the processes were automated using Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are now better improved with third wave of BPM where the business processes are the central focus and building block of automation and business. The entire value chain of the ability to change processes is continuously improved and optimized using the agile BPM and emerged with a category of software system called Business Process Management System (BPMS). The functionality of the BPMS has been a seamless part of the SAP NetWeaver Business platform now. ***********SAP NetWeaver Business Process Management builds on industry-standard technology, including Web services, XML-based messaging, Java, and Java Enterprise Edition****** from SAP research Ad 3.1 Enterprise SOA and BPM Enterprise SOA is said to be an enabler of BPM and at same time Business process Management provides sustainable value on top of the service-enabled platform like Business process transparency, flexibility and transformation (methodology) with SOA as technology enabler. SOA and BPM work hand in hand to deliver value. (SAP PRESS, BPM) GARTNER From an organizational standpoint, SOA as a concept usually resides in the IT units and depending on the process orientation in the companies reaches out to business process management Enterprise SOA enhance a business process platform with the business strategy of service composition and with ability to crate and modify the business processes where an enterprise make sure that the right processes and building blocks are being created to respond to the competitive pressure of a frequent business change. The SOA is intended to perform as a reusable building and composing paradigm in which we can build new processes by using the existing processes. SAPs current enterprise SOA provide applications fully derived by web services features and exposing the complete business functionality for every business process and act as a toolbox of pre-built contents, mapping and routing rules for both SAP and Non-SAP applications. (source: Enterprise SOA , designing business for IT innovation) 3.2 SAPs BPM Strategy SAP as being the world leading process automation technology supplier in the form of SAP Business Suite like ERP and CRM, with over half of the worlds business transaction involving 12 Million users in 120 countries. Currently SAP has put a lot of work in to defining the BPM capabilities within its SAP NetWeaver platform and SAP Business Suite. Majority of the SAP Business applications already automate the core process but BPM as a new arena in SAP is mainly diverted on business-IT alignment, linking strategy to execution and governance to business integration. SAP differentiates the business processes in to further sub-processes, which help to accommodate different business scenario in a seamless unified platform. Application Core Processes: These packaged processes jare designed as an integral part of a business process platform, represent the core business practices, delivered by SAP business applications such as SAP ERP, CRM etc. Their function is to provide added business value and the customization nature of these core processes has a sustainable process improvement impact on BPM. Composite Business Process: Enables the business process composition on the edge of application core processes, adopting characteristics from an executable business process model, which enables a quick responding nature in case of a critical business change request. These processes are delivered through the building block of BPM capability discussed in details below. Technical Integration Process such as system to system (S2S) and system to human (S2H) are implemented to define the management of complex integration scenarios created during A2A and B2B interactions. The nature of integration processes is to enable message flow automation. SAPs diversion to BPM approach is recognized by offering a set of mutually reinforcing BPM building blocks in respond to the frequent business changes. (SAP BPM White Paper) 3.2.1 SAP Business Process Platform and Building Blocks. A good platform must hold the underlying capabilities and feature of quickly construct the business processes from constant and precise building blocks. These building blocks need to be sufficiently interoperable and independent that can be quickly and easily combined and re combined in to different business services and business processes. SAP facilitates this innovation and enables business transformation by providing business services as the building blocks of business processes. Building block organisation in SAP building block architecture ensures the following, (Source: book Applied SOA) All SAP existing applications are web service enabled, having all the definitions stored in the ESR to provide comprehensive SOA governance and management around the platform. A Composition Environment that contains the building blocks for composition and adaptation of new services, events and applications. modeling of business processes with SAP NetWeaver developer studio, connecting the web services and generate the user interfaces. SAP NetWeaver Composition Environment (CE) 7.1 enables the composite environment feature for enterprise SOA. Process Integration comprises of Provisioning and SOA Middleware provides Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) and Enterprise Services Bus (ESB) that has a technical connectivity capability and B2B integration through SAP NetWeaver Process Integration (PI) 7.1 with external business partners with a possibility to do the intelligent routing and management of web Services as well. (Source ESOA intro 4m technology point of view 2008) BPM in the NetWeaver Platform Page 8 on SAP BPM white paper 19 Composite applications 3.3 Enterprise SOA and Environment SAP as a Composite Environment SAPs Application Composition Environment (SAP NetWeaver CE) is a key milestone, emerged as a dedicated platform to create more advanced SOA based composite applications. Composite Application within the enterprise SOA are built with the services in an SOA landscape comprising of both SAPs enterprise services and other web services. These applications allow the implementation of the business processes on top of the other available services either with their existing business logic or with completely new business logic for adapting the previously defined services to the new application oriented requirements. (Source: Gulledge T (2007) or Enterprise SOA development hand book (SAP2008) A best-ofbreed composition environment must offer, a effective and flexible reuse of existing applications and services, a Productive development environment and a business process orientation to align IT operations with business activities (SAP accelerate your roi in service oriented architecture (2009) A merger of the existing applications with new applications on SAP business process platform enabled by SOA reduces the integration challenges normally experienced in a general application environment, that enhance the business processes automation. These composite applications specially deliver the process definitions by using one or several application modules of the existing application, and the resulted processes definitions or new applications support a new business process which has not been supported by the existing application. SAP NetWeaver development and modeling tools speed up this process. IT operations with business activities [ Business flexibility and innovation are enhanced as companies establish a business process platform (BPP) specific to their needs to enable process creation, deployment and monitoring. A business service repository is an essential ingredient in a BPP. The emerging generation of business applications and enabling software architecture marks a shift in the boundary between application functionality and supporting infrastructure (Gartner 2009 from gartner.pdf ) 3.4 SOA Services Repository In a typical SOA environment, a repository is a significant mechanism to manage the services and reuse of services for certain business processes running with in that environment. woods and mattern (2006) mentioned that SOA repository is a central storage place where an organization store the services information that enable the reuse of services elements . SOA repository designs the services that reuse the data types and services interfaces. A modeling process even can look up in the repository for reuse or adaption of any services element. Hence, presence of all services components and objects at a common place avoid the re-invention mechanism and maximize the reuse of services components. 3.4.1 Enterprise Services Repository Enterprise Services Repository (ESR) is a well step beyond the SOA Services repository embedded on SAPs business process platform. ESR is a SAPs first enterprise services storage that exposes the business functionalities of a BPP in an SOA manner using web services capabilities. In addition to a typical SOA repository an ESR encompasses some newly designed semantic definition models, centrally stored in the (ESR). In SAP environment an ESR serve as a common repository for SAP customers and partners and contain all the necessary business processes, components of each business processes and the enterprise web services required by any SAP or non-SAP domain. These business components and web services can be reused as enterprise web services just by recalling the services definitions during the application building process with in the development environment where applications are built more rapidly with a lot of more business functionality. (ESR Reference SAAAAAAAAAAP one) SOA METHODOLOGIES (Methodology for Accelerated transformation to SOA) Enterprise Services orientation in business processes has also introduced a lot of challenges along with the opportunities. The increased trend in the deployment of Service-Oriented Architecture towards business processes transformations required a need for a matured methodology at every phase of the ESOA involvement either in a business or technological phase. SAP is currently emerging with the SAP methodology The Methodology for Accelerated Transformation to Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) built with the characteristics to meet the challenges and activities required by SAP business process platform in order to transform the IT system landscapes with the service oriented architectures. The Methodology for Accelerated Transformation carries the features to act as a SOA adoption roadmap in the context of SAP business applications and technology components. The aim of this section is to present a state of the art analysis of SAPs existing SOA Methodology by analysing its activities , usage and differentiation between its approaches at different built in phases like the Methodology development, adoption and implementations phases during the business transformation on SAP business process platform. The methodology for accelerated transformation to service-oriented architecture (SOA)describes the typical activities required to: transform to an SOA-based system landscape using the SAP Business Process Platform as a key building block. use the SAP Business Process Platform and build service-based solutions on top of it. The methodology focuses on the SOA-by-evolution concept and related SAP products, services, and concepts. The target audience is people who drive, plan or execute a companys evolution toward a service-oriented architecture. The methodology can also be considered as an SOA adoption roadmap in the context of SAP products (business applications and technology components, which form together a business process platform). It is important to note that SOA-based system landscape does not mean that each and every business process of a company runs as a service-based solution (for example, as composite application). Instead, it means that there is a platform in place which: incorporates SOA principles offers companies the option to address certain requirements through individual service-based solutions. HOW TO USE THE METHODOLOGY The methodology distinguishes between SOA adoption initiatives at enterprise level and business solution implementations at project level. The enterprise level initiatives are mainly related to long term IT strategy planning and infrastructure setup activities. The solution implementation part is structured along the plan, build, and run cycle. The Plan phase describes a general business process management methodology and is actually not only relevant in the context of a SOA transformation. Instead it can be used for planning solutions in general and independent from the later technical implementation option. The Build phase is SOA-focused and describes a methodology for implementing user centric composite applications on top of a business process platform. These methodology sections are not necessarily processed in a strict sequence. Companies can parallelize activities, set different emphases or even choose different entry points (different adoption patterns). For instance, some companies may have the required platform basis or infrastructure already in place and may start directly with the implementation of service-based solutions (for example, based on SAPs Enterprise Service Bundles). Other companies may not see a need to invest heavily in a long-term enterprise architecture planning, because this issue is already settled for them, and start directly with the modernization of their system landscape (for example, ERP upgrade). METHODOLOGY ASSUMPTION The methodology is based on the assumption that companies want and need to establish an SOA at an affordable cost. This is recognized by two aspects of the methodology: the service provisioning side, and the service consumption side. On the service provisioning side, SAP ships a business process platform which includes a huge amount of ready-to-run enterprise services. This means that companies do not necessarily need to build their own custom enterprise services. They can leverage the services of the business process platform (and the included SAP Business Suite) and immediately start building innovative solutions on top of it. On the service consumption side, the methodology supports a gradual (evolutionary) approach towards service-based solutions. This means that best-practice processes (for example, core processes which require a certain semantic consistency that is certified by a vendor and compliant with regulations) can stay within packaged business applications like the SAP Business Suite and run as platform processes. At the same time, companies can build innovative processes and solutions as service-based solutions (for example, as composite applications). Typically, it makes sense to focus on areas where the advantages of service-based architectures and highly standardized interfaces can be leveraged to the largest extent: These are processes that span across functions, applications, and enterprise boundaries. Another driving force for service-based solutions can be the need for custom-tailored user interface 3.6.1 SOA Strategies/Lifecycle Developing SOA based platform always needs to go through certain processing phases, known as SOA lifecycle [Ziff Davis. Strategies for SOA Success, Ziff Davis Media Custom Publishing December 2005] 3.6.2 SOA Governance SOA Governance Cycle Another important feature a BPP has its built in Governance cycle that creates the collaboration with external partners and industry specific business processes that help SAP to transform its services required on business process platform as appropriate as the industry demand. The governance cycle also help SAP in making these services definition fully compatible with the Service oriented architecture. These web services defined by SAP are built on open standards which enable a BPP not only to deliver the business process contents but also present it as a platform to plan new applications and flexible business processes along with the composing, delivering, running and monitoring the new business applications developed by SAP and other external business communities, therefore the platform not only serves as a tool to build new applications but also serves as an application server to run applications on it.But what does the concept of governance infer when talking about SOA? Well,expl anations aiming at describing the features of SOA governance are many. Mehling(2008) states that SOA governance refers to activities and procedures related toexercising control over services in an SOA environment. It features everything acompany uses to ensure SOA is done in accordance with best practices, architecturalprinciples, government regulations and pertinent laws. Likewise, Woods Mattern(2006) assert that SOA governance and policies provide a management structure,processes, and policies to oversee operations and management of services. In addition,Carter (2007) states that the task of SOA governance is to assist in establishing a processfor shared services, facilitating communications, as well as enforcing standards,platforms, and policies. (Thesis : Success factors of SOA page: 33) [SOA and WbServices Thesis refer 22) Governance Implementing a solution requires the definition of enterprise policies and establishment of strong auditing and conformance mechanisms to ensure that enterprise policies are being adhered to. Governance enforces compliance with the architecture and common semantics, and it facilitates managing the enterprise-wide development and evolution of services [22]. Governance consists of a set of policies that services and applications must conform to, a set of practices for implementing those policies, and a set of processes for ensuring that the policies are implemented correctly. An organizational structure should be in place to define and implement governance. Governance of SOA should achieve the following: Include policies regulating service definition and enhancement, including ownership, roles, criteria, review guidelines e.t.c. Specify identification of roles, responsibilities, and owners. Enforce policies that are integrated directly into the service repository where appropriate. Include guidelines, templates, checklist, and examples that make it easy to conform to governance requirements. Involve a review of service interface definitions for new services enhancements to existing services. It ensures that the service definition conforms to standards and aligns with the business and info0rmation models. This is typically done by a service review board or the unit responsible for the service. Include an architectural review of applications and services to ensure that they conform to the SOA and enterprise architecture, typically done by the architecture review board. Governance might also support processes that allow different organizations to make changes to shared services. It should not be seen primarily as a review activity but must follow a carrot-and stick approach with an emphasis on enabling developers to build conforming applications and automating governance activities and policies [22]. The failure to manage the evolving SOA can result in financial loss in costly service redesigns, maintenance, and project delays. More damaging are the potential loss of revenue and the business liabilities.] 3. Enterprise SOA and BPP Adopting Enterprise SOA for a company require an appropriate platform to accommodate the new architecture and its services. A Business Process Platform is the prerequisite for the deployment of enterprise SOA. BPP provides an extensible repository of enterprise services definitions and a technology platform to integrate and deploy enterprise services to enhance the business processes within an enterprise SOA. The Enterprise SOA Business Case approaches As said by Gartner Research Lab that SOA is an application terminology contains the data and business logic of an application in the form of modules or services, this business logic is encapsulated in modular business components that identify a Business driven approach of the SOA. Another joint research study done by Institute of Information management at University of St Gallen in cooperation with SAP has shown the following two different SOA business case approaches from the customer viewpoint. Situation as of Today Observation: in the market: many SOA Projects start without a Business Case Focus mostly on learning the new technology / addressing specific but isolated pain point BUT: Need for proving value increases rapidly along further SOA adoption Assumption: There is a difference regarding methodology, structure and tools for SOA business cases compared to traditional business cases for IT projects One of the two SOA approaches is business driven approach IT Centric Approach: This IT-centric approach mainly focuses the SOA IT Infrastructure related business case and the IT organization itself. This approach value the IT related improvements brought in through adopting the SOA within an organization such as one of the most relevant key driver identified in this aspect is the reuse of services which focus on more improved IT efficiency through reducing software development cost and time involved. This services orientation feature of SOA IT-Centric approach significantly improves the reusability of software functionality. . In mature organizations, we found an average reuse rate of four, which leads to considerable IT consolidation and cost-saving potential. However, strict governance is absolutely vital. says Prof. Dr. Robert Winter, Institute of Information Management, University of St. Gallen. Business Driven Approach: The business driven approach of SOA is an enhancement of the first SOA IT-Centric approach and mainly identified as the business process platform business case, where the IT-Centric approach participate as a component in a more comprehensive way, making the business driven approach more valuable and effective on IT and business side. SOA is not an IT-Lead initiative driven by technology, it is a business driven architectural approach that helps IT organizations work with their business counterparts to realize a flexible BPP. Therefore, the business case is not only a SOA infrastructure but a BPP business case comprises of business process benefits strategic business benefits, and IT benefits [ See from where has taken and where to put seems important if you closely align your IT with the business and design services along process needs. SAPs concept of built-in business semantics in enterprise services is exactly the way to guarantee this. ] Burda Digital Systems GmbH, for example, approaches SOA from an enterprise standpoint, as an open architecture for adaptive business solutions. SOA is a powerful concept that allows us to increase our productivity dramatically, says Gerhard Thomas, CEO of Burda Digital Systems. We achieve 10% to 20% savings in operations cost and 20% to 30% shorter project durations across our IT landscape. Sometimes its even more. However, the major benefit of SOA unfolds on the business-process side. We achieve increased process efficiency of between 10% and 30% and also benefit from improved process quality due to consistent data and role-specific process design. According to Gartner, SOA is an application topology in which the business logic of the application is organized in modules (services) with clear identity, purpose and programmatic access interfaces. Services behave as black boxes: Their internal design is independent of the nature and purpose of the requestor. In SOA, data and business logic are encapsulated in modular business components with documented interfaces. This clarifies design and facilitates incremental development and future extensions. An SOA application can also be integrated with heterogeneous, external legacy and purchased applications more easily than a monolithic, non-SOA application can. (Gartner IT Glossary) As service-oriented architecture (SOA) undergoes mass adoption and establishes itself as a de facto technology standard for implementing software architectures for increased flexibility, efficiency, and insight, organizations are looking for more economic justification for their SOA projects. This study focuses on the quantifiable SOA business-value proof points that organizations are using to convey the benefits of an SOA strategy to decision makers. To enable best-practices sharing, SAP cooperated in this research with the University of St. Gallen, Institute of Information Management (IWI-HSG), interacting with SAP and non-SAP customers in industries such as financial services, telecommunications, media, and the public sector. Key findings from the study show that customers approach making the business case for SOA in two different ways. ] Chapter 4: Methodology LITERATURE REVIEW Research Papers written on enterprise SOA, Business process platform and Web services Documentation. RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND ECOSYSTEM PLATFORM: SAP WEB based research forums and communities in addition SAP provided documentation on enterprise SOA and Business Process Platform. COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTION: Distinct developments of major market vendors like Microsoft, Oracle and PeopleSoft is also considered to derive a comparative analysis and recommendation for SAP platform on better improving the business processes. ONLINE SURVEY: An online Survey to have an analysis and feedback on the research questions raised in thesis writing on a leading survey site is done, METHOD Conclusion Comparison with other platforms [ I2 Agile Business Process Platform Document: i2 Agile BPP Document i2 BPP A Platform for the Future or https://www.i2.com/supplychainleader/issue1/html/SCL1_aplatform_forthefuture.cfm ] IBM WEbShpere Business integration primer (eBood) INTRODUCTOIN The Aim of this research is to analyze and explore the enterprise Services Oriented architecture (eSOA) and highlight eSOAs impact on the business process platform with both business and technology aspect with in SAP boundaries, eSOA features and provided methodologies for further development of business processes and platform (SAP NetWeaver) would be mainly focused. Main areas to be addressed ***[(Enterprise Services Architecture)] based strategy To provide a clear explanation of the importance of STANDARDS to enterprise SOA to explore its expected flexibility and uniformity in operating the business applications on an enterprise SOA oriented BPP. To explore the BPP at all levels of its lifecycle in order to have an exact relationship and features it perseveres from enterprise SOA and enterprise services as its core ingredient of services enriched structure. To analyse different phases of SAP methodology for accelerated transformation to SOA and its impact on SOA business transformation processes. To highlight the real change, an enterprise SOA would be bringing in to specific industries as an individual business application platform and also as commonly available platform for different business natures e.g. ERP, CRM, and SCM etc. SAP Business Process Platform (NatWeaver) Overview Document: Transform Your Organization with Enterprise Service oriented Architecture SAP Solutions WEB SERVICES and SOA Enterprise Services Architecture (ESA) ESA is far more than SAPs approach to SOA and Web Services it is far more than the technologies inside SAP NetWeaver. It is far more than xApps and Web Interfaces. And, it is about far more than simply implementing mySAP ERP or other Business Suite Applications. (Cambell et al (2007) Chapter 5: Conclusion, Future Research and Recommendations The Future of BPM Modeling (Page 220-221 Mastering Book) Identified Challenge for Future MDE Research (Journal: Towards Utilising Model-Driven Engineering of composite applications for performance Analysis. Enterprise SOA and end to end Business Process Execution (Journal Page 273) ***SOA Architecture solution from SAP AG SOA Architecture Solution from Oracle (Oracle Fusion) SAP BPM Galaxy Choclate SAP Paper 2009 Future Management Business Process Management (Slide 25) Next Generating (BPM Slide 12) Business Processes excellence Springer 2009 (e-book) Chapter 5: No two companies will have same SOA impact on their adapted BPP. Some companies are just initially motivated to look at a platform by their plans to upgrade to mySAP ERP or any other Business Suite Application that introduce SAP NetWeaver in their infrastructure. Other have a stronger interest in how SOA can improve the efficiency and effectiveness within IT And there are those who find that adopting a business process platform offers the best opportunity to solve a high ROI business Problem. No matter what they get started, the organization will have a unique impact an SOA platform brings in to the organization. (Mastering BOOK s 265 No reference required just for info) The Future impact on BPPs Business Systems Integration The future impact on BPPs Architecture Design The Future Impact on ERP Application (Implementation and development) ( Methodology discussion ) A point taken from Mastering Book (page 262) ( SOA, Business process Management, Model driven architecture and user centric computing are major themes that are converging. All of them have a big impact on a Business Process Platform Conclusion: The goal is to extend that effort by building a larger vision between business and IT though a shared understanding of new ESA-Enabled capabilities in SAP business applications and NetWeaver platform. Part of your ESA adoption program will include digitally modeling these key processes and identifying the underlying services needed to support them. You can then work with SAP and its ecosystem partners to determine the nes you can acquire, and those that you need to create or exend to enable differentiation (Mastering BOOK s 284 No reference required just for info) REFERENCES: Cambell. S, Mohun. V. (2007). Mastering Enterprise SOA with SAP NetWeaver and mySAP ERP, Wiley Publishing, Inc p. xxii. Cesare, D.S. Bell, D. Iacovelli, N. Lycett, M. Merico, A. (2007).A Framework for Deriving Semantic Web Services Dept. of Information Systems and Computing, BURA, Brunel University. Maamar. Z, Benslimane. D, Narendra. C (2006), what can context does for web services? ACM communication vol. 49, no. 12 Paar, A. (2003). Semantic software engineering tools In Companion of the 18th annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications (pp. 90-91). Anaheim, CA, USA ACM Press Dan Woods, Jeffrey Word, 2004 SAP NetWeaver for Dummies Wiley Publishing, USA, Indianapolis (Indiana), ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-6883-3 K. Umapathy and S. Purao, A theoretical investigation of the emerging standards for web services, Information Systems Frontier, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 119-134, 2007. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-24670937384425314872019-12-20T22:04:00.001-08:002019-12-20T22:04:02.774-08:00The Marxist Leader Of The Cuban Delegation - 1372 Words 1. Introduction to set the tone: Che Guevara, the Marxist leader of the Cuban delegation, delivered a speech in New York on 1964 before the General Assembly of the United Nations, in which he condemned the transgressions of imperialist US foreign policy. The first three paragraphs of his speech set the stage for a broader message, which exposed the hardships that imperialism had inflicted on Latin America. He did so by first welcoming the leaders of three new nations who, though not Latin American, suffered similar hardships at the hands of US imperialism, and could relate to the Latin American struggle for self-determination. 2. Imperialism: Guevara, like most Marxist-Leninists, despised capitalism because he believed it was a highly oppressive social system. He understood it as merely a precursor to hegemonic imperialism with an end goal of social, economic, and political dominance on a global scale. America, from Guevaraââ¬â¢s perspective, was the headquarters of this paradigm. The leaders of several non-aligned nations shared Guevaraââ¬â¢s sentiment towards the United States of America because the Americans had gained quite a bit of notoriety in the global community for essentially preying on developing nations by taking advantage of their weaknesses, namely through the exploitation of resources, which generated American capital and usually left nations dependent on American assistance. This form of control, Guevara argued, was a key part to Americaââ¬â¢s imperialist agenda. One ofShow MoreRelatedThe Cuban Revolutionary Movement Of Cuba968 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Cuban revolutionary movement is still remembered today as a significant cause of what has come of Cuba today but more importantly by the people who were involved. One who played a significant role for his effort to overthrow the Cuban and Bolivian government was Che Guevara. Che Guevara became involved in political change when he was on a trip in Cuba where he met Fidel Castro. At the time, Fidel Castro wanted to overthrow the government which was under control of Fulgencio Batista. Guevaraââ¬â¢sRead MoreThe Consolidation of Fidel Castroââ¬â¢s Power Between 1959 And1961 Was More of a Result of Domestic Issues Rather Than United States Economic Policies.1502 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat the reminder of the revolutionary groups that were involved in the fight against Batista had to be quickly eliminated, so as not to challenge his political ambitions. The revolutionaries brought many of Batistaââ¬â¢s prominent military and civilian leaders before trial which were extremely quick and defied any sense o f justice and resulted in the summary execution of hundreds of persons. The regime ended the trials only in response to international criticism. Hence through this action, along with RaulRead MoreA Very Brief History of Cuba2147 Words à |à 9 Pagesand small rodents. Although they did not cultivate plants, they gathered wild fruit. 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Castro himself described the changes in womenââ¬â¢s public andRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis5937 Words à |à 24 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis The world was at the edge of a third world war. This was the result of a variety of things: the Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, US anti-communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cubas fear of invasion all made causes for war. However, war was not the result due to great cooperation from both President Kennedy and President Khrushchev and each of the decisions made by the leaders was crucial in the outcome of The Crisis. Kennedys choiceRead MoreCold War Cohesion Division Essay5427 Words à |à 22 Pageswere applied or seemed to work in the past.â⬠Mikhail Gorbachev Throughout the Cold War the Soviet Union went through numerous changes in leadership. 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She traces the ways in which humanitarian impulsesââ¬âwhich were often linked to pacifist movements and largely confined to visionary leaders, social thinkers, and small groups of activists in the 1890sââ¬âwere institutionalized on a global basis by the establishment of the League of Nations and its subsidiary agencies in the aftermath of the catastrophic war that engulfed much of the worldRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words à |à 319 Pagesworld. Rastas could tell that social unrest in Jamaica was going to lead to a movement away from colonial rule and, having heard Marcus Garvey speak of the importance of Africa to black people in the New World, found in his remarkable success as a leader of thousands in the United States quite an amazing thing. Those who would presage the arrival of Rastafarianism also witnessed and read about the dramatic struggle of Emperor Haile Selassie to remove the Italians from his homeland of Ethiopia, whichRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words à |à 163 Pages -Determining Interest: What Conditions Should We Seek? -Military Sufficiency -Issue is how much military capability is enough - is it enough to have the same capabilities as potential threats or should we pursue superior capabilities -US leaders have varied greatly on how much is enough -Domestic strength -Important goal is to seek political cohesion, economic vitality, and good educational policies at home because it will help country to prevail during war (increases domestic support lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-16205856722202909762019-12-12T18:34:00.001-08:002019-12-12T18:34:06.602-08:00Self Reflection free essay sample Self-Reflection in relation to QRB The objective of this assignment is to self reflect impact of QRB course and advantages gained by learning the tools and skills through this course specially related to economics, Finance, accounting, operations and research. To get a better understanding of the concepts that will be covered in QRB course we were given a document that was an overview of Quantitative Reasoning for Business. This document showed what type of reasoning tools and skills are covered in this course that will further help in any upcoming courses. Looking at the tools, mathematical equations and formulas, probability calculation and forecasting tools I am very excited to see that there are so many important skills that a manager needs to be proficient at and the Quantitative Reasoning for Business course covers them and will help me to a better job by using these tools and skills. For example, setting a baseline and comparing our performance against it, being able to effectively use the data from past years and calculating and predicting forecast for future sale, setting a criteria or borderline for drop in sales before looking into personnel changes, being able to identify if a the process is out of control and being able to effectively balance risk and return with our investment choices with definitely help me not in my job but also any upcoming courses in the MBA program related to economics, finance, accounting, operation and research. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This course not only teaches the mathematical and analytical skills but also uses graphs and charts to help understand the problem and solution visibly. This is critical for someone like me who learns more quickly from graphs then just looking at the mathematical equations. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-56529237171404716012019-12-05T01:26:00.001-08:002019-12-05T01:26:03.403-08:00Decolonizing Solidarity Dilemmas and Directions System Question: Discuss about the Decolonizing Solidarity for Dilemmas and Directions System. Answer: Introduction This speech is retrospective in its approach weaving a fine line between personal sentiments and the official government position on aboriginal affairs. The obvious failure to tackle the problem of discrimination and the disenfranchisement of the aboriginal people is clearly. The PM makes no apology of this fact by saying in the test which so far we have always failed. This would then make the assumption that he is referring to the previous failed attempts of segregation and assimilation, which were a total failure. The above admission is the reality of the race relations that tend to stereotype and disregard the indigenous people of Australia. This is an acknowledgement that the old racism of violence and verbal abuse has been replaced by a new racism of cultural inferiority and is manifested in everyday disregard for the aboriginal people. The media in particular have contributed to this failure by portraying the indigenous people as thieves, alcoholics, prone to violence and law breakers that lead to incarceration. . The policy approach the speech is taking on is that of greater self-determination with reconciliation as the bedrock of this policy. The direct reference to the Torres Strait Island people, the obvious and glaring discrimination is given a human face, rather than generalization of the whole topic. The PM shows the intermingling of racial thought from pre- and post- evolutionist theory and the merging of physical, moral and cultural judgments common in the nineteenth century Australia (Hollinsworth, 2006, p.100). The policy is slowly unwrapped by first giving a historical overview of the historical root of the government shortcomings. The debate that centers on the aboriginal people is the unspoken national shame of the Australian people. The modern nationhood of Australia is founded by immigrant settlers who came in and disposed the indigenous population. The history of Australia is not complete without intertwining the historical injustices against the Aboriginal people. The term aboriginal was first used by the British as early as 1820 to refer to any group of people that were different from the white people. The second half of the nineteenth century witnessed the construction and naturalization of hegemonic ideas of racial exclusivity and superiority amongst British settlers, which remain influential today. (Hollinsworth, 2006, p.79).The difference was based on physical characteristics as well as language. The federal labor government that was led by Gough Whitlam had adopted a policy of self-determination for the indigenous population in the 70s. The problem of this policy was in the interpretation of what se lf-determination entails, with the rejection of the idea of sovereignty and self government. The interpretation that has been used in Australia is different from the internationally accepted definition which is premised on a people deciding their own political status. This speech is written more from a justified position than from the position of a true reconciliation between the two sides which have been contrary. The logos of the speech look good on paper, but are weak in the ethos, in that the person giving the speech is part and parcel of the problem. The presentation of the paper is based on political gymnastics which is propped up by extensive use of semantics and politically correct language, The target audience in the speech is the world media at large and the speech is aimed at showing the position of the government that it is doing something on the ground. It is written with tokenism in mind, trying to throw in bits and pieces of the new found largess from the government. The gathered audience included some diplomats, friends of the aborigine and their social cause as well as the larger Australian community. Knowing full well the speech would be broadcast; the speech is trying to bridge a divide of the aboriginals while at the same time trying to assuage the guilt factor of the mainstream white Australian population. Highlighting the Mabo case is an exercise of displaying a trophy to which the winner did not in any way participate in. Dispossession of land was based on racism on the social construct of Darwinism. ( Hollinsworth, 2006).This case was an isolated case in the greater dispensation of injustice by dispossessing the indigenous Australians of their ancestral land under the guise of terra nullius (Sarra, 2014).The length of time that this case took of ten years is hardly case for any celebration but shows the endemic and systemic institutionalization of discrimination in Australian life. The speech is weak on fundamental deliverables that can be implemented into meaningful action. By citing the findings of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody, the double-speak intended comes out clearly in the next lines of the speech. First he states that the report was devastating yet with a dismissive off the cuff remark also says I do not believe that the report should fill us with guilt.This brings out the classic posturing that has been the hallmark of successive administrations. This much talked about report is not the first of its kind to have been undertaken and presented with much fanfare, but little substance in action. He opines that guilt is not a constructive emotion, which to the contrary is an emotion that can bring change if well used. The projected improvements he is positing for the aboriginal people are all abstract and cannot be quantified or verified. This is meant to appeal to the emotion but an analysis void of emotion would uncover the emptiness of the speech. It is rhetorically heavy as would be expected of most politicians, but sketchy in substance. The much touted Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation is shown to be the panacea for all the problems facing the Aboriginal people, yet no figures are given as supporting evidence of its ability to deliver. Is there a budget set aside for it, what is the basis for the operation legally and many unanswered questions. The political representation of the aboriginal people is still minimal considering that they account for a paltry 3% of the total population of Australia. This token representation started in both State and territorial parliaments started in 1971 with the election of Neville Bonner as the first Aboriginal person to sit in the Commonwealth parliament. ( Land, 2015).The first attempts to establish representative structures of the Torres Islander and Aboriginal people started in the 70s, resulting in giving them limited executive powers. The obvious miscarriage of justice is pointed out by saying that there is nothing to fear or lose in the recognition of historical truth The historical perpetrators of historical injustice are being given collective amnesty from persecution, in the event that the law might call for custodial sentencing of such offenders. The effort to protect Aboriginal people was half hearted, compromised and ineffectual. (Hollinsworth, 2006, p.99).The status quo is set to continue with the stolen land and resources being forever forfeited by the true owners. Conclusion This speech has managed to validate historical claims that there was a colonial and postcolonial policy of discrimination against the Aboriginal and the Torres islanders. The assertion that it now that they are taking charge of their lives is an admission that the status was different during the colonial and postcolonial Australia. The contributions to sports and culture are muted without specifics. This speech being given almost 70 years after independence is an indictment to the veracity of the claims of institutionalized discrimination as a policy. The institutionalized settler interest is not challenged and the speech takes on a vague and ambivalent tone to this sensitive area. There is a continnum of what Hollinsworth shows is an old mindset: .The general view was that little could be done to arrest their deterioration while they remained among the colonists. Increasingly indigenous people were blamed for their fate.(Hollinsworth, 2006, p.97).The general view was that little an After considerable pontification on how the settlers took the land, brought the diseases, practiced discrimination ad infinitum, the speech comes short in directly challenging the vested interests of the status quo. The settlers interest is not challenged by suggesting that perhaps some Aboriginal tracts of land should be returned, knowing that this is a potential minefield. The speech is toned down so as not to be seen as combative and challenging to the settler interest. The speech offers a glimmer of hope to the Aboriginal people and the Torres islanders in reference to the ATSIC that the speech touches on. The proof is strengthened by pointing out that there are already over 800 selected Aboriginal Regional Councilors and Commissioners working with the greater latitude of freedom. The line that demarcates self-management and self determination is a very thin line. There is an obvious grey line which emerges as the Aboriginal people are left in the dark as to whether they are moving to self-determination or self-management. The personal resolve of the PM in his last concluding words are probably the only take away that the reader will go home with, the rest of the speech having been a long rewinding of history from the perspective of a politician. References Hollinsworth, D. (2006).Race and racism in Australia, (4) 79,97, 99,100.South Melbourne : Thomson/Social Science Press Land, C. (2015). Decolonizing solidarity: Dilemmas and directions for supporters of indigenous struggles. London: Zed Books. Sarra, C. (2014). Strong and Smart- Towards Pedagogy for Emancipation: Education for First Peoples. Routledge. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-18858450057095191742019-11-28T09:23:00.001-08:002019-11-28T09:23:04.852-08:00Migraine Headaches Are The Result Of A Disturbance In The Neurochemist Migraine headaches are the result of a disturbance in the neurochemistry of the central nervous system. They are relatively common, affecting three times as many women as men. Migraine sufferers typically report a definite pattern to their headaches, and they can report what stimuli bring them on. Most migraine sufferers experience their first attack before the age of 20. There is no single cause of migraines, but the tendency to get migraines does tend to run in families. When a migraine occurs, it means that something has altered several of the neurotransmitter-sensitive receptors located on the outside surface of the nerve cells (neurons) so that the nervous system is no longer able to constantly maintain the natural balance that the nervous system is intended to maintain. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that nerve cells (neurons) use to communicate messages to each other. Receptors are special areas that receive these chemical messages. The key neurotransmitter in migraine is called serotonin (often referred to in the scientific literature as 5-HT or 5-hydroxytryptophan). If something interferes with the normal functioning (production, release, receptor docking, and/or re-uptake) of serotonin, that disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system and can lead to various symptoms associated with migraine. The severe pain associated with migraine occurs when the mechanism that normally inhibits and/or mediates pain is disabled. There is no actual tissue damage occuring during a migraine attack. Instead, the pain results from a deranged neurochemistry. Migraine pain is like a loud fire alarm bell ringing when there is no fire. Scientists suspect that a caffeine withdrawal could be the possible cause of common migraines. Why? Well, caffeine is a powerful psychoactive drug that is addictive. Caffeine withdrawals produce all the same symptoms as migraine. Chronic caffeine use causes a number of changes to the central nervous system. Caffeine use increases the number of some types of serotonin receptors and some types of adenosine receptors as well. Adenosine is another neurotransmitter; adenosine strongly inhibits serotonin release. Chronic caffeine use increases the number of adenosine receptors.(The body is trying to compensate for the constant presence of caffeine, which occupies and blockades adenosine receptors and thus interferes with adenosine reception.) When caffeine is withdrawn, however, the chronic caffeine user is left with too many adenosine receptors. Having too many adenosine receptors is equivalent to having too much adenosine. As a result, serotonin release is inhibited and this leads to migraine symptoms. As you know there are many drugs used against migraine. Many of these drugs contain caffeine, for good reason: caffeine relieves migraine by reversing caffeine withdrawal. Migraine drugs that contain caffeine include Fiorinal (40mg caffeine), Fioricet (40mg caffeine), Excedrin (65mg caffeine), Anacin (32mg caffeine), Cafergot, Norgesic Forte (60mg caffeine), and others. Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is effective in relieving migraine attacks presumably because the sumatriptan molocule mimics (is very similar to) the serotonin molocule, and thus is called a serotonin agonist (helper). Sumatriptan, in other words, makes up for the shortfall of serotonin by occupying certain types of serotonin receptors. Sumatriptan is called a selective serotonin agonist because it has a greater affinity for (sticks more to) certain types of serotonin receptors than others. Other drugs, such as Prozac, Paxil, and Zoloft, are intended for the treatment of depression but they also seem to reduce frequency and/or severity of headaches including migraine (although they are not as effective as sumatriptan against oncoming migraine attacks). These drugs are called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which means they interfere in the reuptake of serotonin back into the interior of the nerve cells (neurons). To understand what reuptake means you need to understand that neurotransmitters, once released, must be quickly grabbed and transported back into the interior of nerve cells for reuse. That must happen to "clears the boards" for the next message. If something (like Paxil) interferes with re-uptake of serotonin, that makes more serotonin available to dock with serotonin receptors. That explains why these anti-depressant drugs help reduce migraine to a certain extent. If caffeine withdrawal causes migraines then there is a way to end your migraines without surgery. You would have to either quit caffeine entirely or else maintain consistent daily caffeine intake. To do either you would need to be aware of all caffeine sources in food, drink, and lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-65610402748737514772019-11-24T16:57:00.001-08:002019-11-24T16:57:04.879-08:0010 Most Exciting Outdoor Blogs10 Most Exciting Outdoor Blogs Are you in love with wide open spaces? Are you always in for a bit of adventure? If you answered yes to either of these questions, these ten excellent outdoor blogs may be for you. The Big Outside This website/blog, curated by a long-time outdoor enthusiast Michael Lanza, is a wealth of information, not just about wilderness adventures, but about wilderness adventures with children. Michael is a family man and has a unique perspective on adventuring with humans whose age hasnââ¬â¢t cracked the single digits yet. This website has plenty of the standard outdoor fare gear reviews, trips and adventures, advice ââ¬â but itââ¬â¢s the family adventures section that really sets it apart. thebigoutside.com US Outdoor Blog The USOutdoor.com blog is a unique collection of tips articles by the staff of the U.S. Outdoor Store in Portland, Oregon. But rather than being just a place where everything is lumped together, the USOutdoor.com blog is broken into categories to make it easy to find what youââ¬â¢re looking for. Interested in camping? Click on the ââ¬Å"We Campâ⬠link. Does climbing get your engine going? Check out the ââ¬Å"We Climbâ⬠section. Need advice on clothing? ââ¬Å"We Wearâ⬠is where you want to be. Hiking? Riding (as in snowboarding)? Skiing? Surfing? Yep, thereââ¬â¢s a link for that. blog.usoutdoor.com Outdoor Alliance Though the suffix on this website (.org) might give you some idea as to its purpose, its mission statement says it all: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦to protect, enhance, and promote the human-powered outdoor recreation experience by uniting the voice of outdoor enthusiasts to conserve Americaââ¬â¢s public lands.â⬠OutdoorAllicance.org brings together the likes of American Whitewater, American Canoe Association, Access Fund, International Mountain Bicycling Association, Winter Wildlands Alliance, and the Mountaineers with the goal of protecting public lands. The blog also provides the outlook for various outdoor adventures. outdooralliance.org Love the Outdoors A back-to-basics website (format, not living off the land) with a wealth of information for all your outdoor adventure needs. Though its not full of pictures and vivid Internet bells and whistles, it offers plenty of advice on everything from beginning mountain biking to avoiding wildlife habitat when finding a campsite and freshwater fishing. lovetheoutdoors.com The Planet D ThePlanetD.com is another unique perspective on the outdoor/adventure lifestyle. Long-married couple Dave and Deb left their jobs in the Toronto Film Industry to start a life of adventure and travel. Experience round-the-world adventures through their eyes. theplanetd.com Mr And Mrs Adventure Newly-married couple Drew and Brittany left behind their California lives to travel far and wide, experience adventure, and live in a van (not down by the river). MrAndMrsAdventure.com is another unique perspective amidst the mass of outdoor websites. What are the challenges of being married and constantly on the road? This site is filled with great advice on living the nomadic life and finding adventure wherever you are. mrandmrsadventure.com The Campsite Blog A foray into the spiritual as well as the outdoors. TheCampsiteBlog.com is all about creative ideas that spur adventure, travel experiences, and subjects of conversation and debate. To quote the blog itself: ââ¬Å"The Campsite is all about sharing and learning from one another just as we would sitting around that cozy campfire.â⬠But TheCampsiteBlog.com is about more than just finding yourself outdoors (and yes, there is a double meaning in ââ¬Å"finding yourselfâ⬠), its ââ¬Å"In The Backpackâ⬠section provides a wide range of articles that will help you in your journey into yourself and into the wilderness. thecampsiteblog.com Dirtbag Darling A great resource for the outdoor adventure lifestyle from former surf-magazine editor Johnie Gall. The site is organized by activity (water, land, snow) and places (east coast, west coast, mid-west, south international) and includes how-to guides, gear reviews, a journal, and a section entitled, ââ¬Å"Defenders of Funâ⬠. An interesting site with advice and musings from a girl whoââ¬â¢s not afraid to live in a van. dirtbagdarling.com Adventure Filled An adventure-filled blog from adventure enthusiast Laurie Tewksbury. AdventureFilled.com has the usual gear reviews and how-tos for the outdoor adventurer but it also has some unique perspectives about life and love (of the outdoors). Check out ââ¬Å"52 in 52â⬠about Laurieââ¬â¢s goal of achieving 52 hikes in 52 weeks or ââ¬Å"How to Keep Adventuring When Life Gets in the Wayâ⬠. adventurefilled.com Just a Colorado Gal A blog about life and living outdoors (not literally but as much as possible). Blog writer Heather chronicles her adventures around the world, touches on the standard topics of gear and various forms of outdoor activities, and throws in some perspectives on health, fitness, and the state of being away from civilization. justacoloradogal.com So whether youââ¬â¢re new to the lifestyle or a long time adventure-seeker, youââ¬â¢d be hard pressed to go wrong with any of these excellent outdoor blogs. lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-562103749685057046.post-48368607258987564762019-11-21T07:50:00.001-08:002019-11-21T07:50:12.172-08:00Standardizing Data Center Energy Efficiency Metrics in Preparation for Term PaperStandardizing Data Center Energy Efficiency Metrics in Preparation for Global Competition - Term Paper Example Information technology is believed to provide the benefit of operational brilliance, fresh services, products, business models, customer as well as supplier familiarity, enhanced decision making, competitive advantage and most importantly sustained survival in the industry. Information technology is also being applied in the field of community services or rather in the area of humanities as well as social sciences. Thus, this paper will intend to focus on a particular technology along with its application in terms of business problems in the field of community services or development. The business problem selected for the study will be related to the management of information services or communication for the elderly in various areas that includes health, finance and entertainment along with sports. The technology or strategy that has been chosen for the reason of overcoming this problem is reshaping of the data center. Therefore, the paper will intend to substantiate and to validate the application of the technology of reshaping the data center for the purpose of enhancing a social-related cause (Girju, ââ¬Å"Toward a New Generation of Tools and Technologies for Social Sciences: The Intertwined Roles of the Humanities, Social Sciences and Engineeringâ⬠). ... For instance, the current discoveries made in the fields of neuroscience, imaging, genomics and computing along with various other fields have formulated the need for fresh tools with regard to the purpose of conducting scientific study in SBE. It has been observed in this regard that various sectors such as sports, finance, health and entertainment are extensively making the use of information technology. The businesses carrying out operations for the reason of providing the mentioned kind of services are constantly identifying the need of applying relevant technologies that are believed to enhance their business operations. The recent state of affairs in relation to information technologies with regard to SBE researches are measured to call for the requirement of a fresh generation of technologies, infrastructure and tools. It turns out to be imperative to mention in this regard that this stated fresh iteration has been measured to recognize the need for the involvement of humanist ic consciousness in association with the prevailing computational systems. Therefore, the need of new and sophisticated technologies in the field of humanities as well as social sciences can be well identified from the provided explanation (Girju, ââ¬Å"Toward a New Generation of Tools and Technologies for Social Sciences: The Intertwined Roles of the Humanities, Social Sciences and Engineeringâ⬠). Business Idea The sector of information technology is learnt to be growing presently across the globe extensively but it also has been observed in this respect that the existing companies providing services of offering custom made technologies for business houses often fail to cater to the overall requirements of the organizations or the clients owing to the lack of comprehension of the lisamay19864http://www.blogger.com/profile/08175534670915971169noreply@blogger.com0